Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology for Health Professionals 8th Ed. > Human Body Intro > Flashcards

Human Body Intro Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

word root

A

contains the basic meaning of the term, usually indicates involved body parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

suffix

A

usually indicates procedure, condition, disorder or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

prefix

A

usually indicates location, time, number, or status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore of the skin
or
mortal folds in the contours of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage, usually between 2 internal organs or leasing from an organ to surface of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

exudate

A

fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lesion

A

pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

palpation

A

exam technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel texture, size, consistency and location of certain body parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

palpitation

A

pounding or racing heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

supination

A

act of rotating arm fo palms are forward or upward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

suppuration

A

formation or discharge of pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

anatomy

A

study of structure of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

physiology

A

study of the functions of the structures of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anatomic position

A

describes the body standing in a standard position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vertical plane

A

up-and-down plane that is at a right angle to the horizon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical plane that divides the body into UNEQUAL left and right portions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

midsagittal plane

A

AKA midline

sagittal plane hat divides the body into EQUAL left and right portions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

frontal plane

A

vertical plane that divides body into anterior and posterior potions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

horizontal plane

A

flat, crosswise plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal plane that divides body into superior and inferior portions at any level across the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ventral

A

refers to the front or belly side of an organ or body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

dorsal

A

refers to the back of an organ or body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

anterior

A

situated in the front or front/forward part of an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

posterior

A

situated in the back, or back of an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

superior

A

uppermost, above or toward the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

inferior

A

lowermost, below or toward the feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

cephalic

A

toward the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

caudal

A

toward the lower part of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

proximal

A

nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

distal

A

farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

medial

A

the direction toward or nearer the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

lateral

A

the direction toward, or nearer the side of the body, away from the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

dorsal cavity

A

located along the back of the body and head, contains organs of the nervous system that coordinate body functions and is made up of cranial and spinal cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

cranial cavity

A

located within the skull- surrounds and protects the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

spinal cavity

A

within spinal column- surrounds and protects the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

ventral cavity

A

along the front of the body, contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

homeostasis

A

process thru which body maintains a constant internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

thoracic cavity

A

surrounds and protects the heart and the lungs

39
Q

abdominal cavity

A

contains the major organs of digestion

40
Q

pelvic cavity

A

space formed by the hip bones and contains reproductive and excretory system organs

41
Q

inguinal

A

relating to the groin

42
Q

right and left hypochondriac regions

A

covered by the lower ribs

43
Q

epigastric region

A

located above the stomach

44
Q

right and left lumbar regions

A

located near the inward curve of the spine

45
Q

umbilical region

A

surrounds the umbilicus

46
Q

right and left iliac regions

A

located near the hip bones

47
Q

hypogastric region

A

located below the stomach

48
Q

peritoneum

A

multilayered membrane that protects that holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

49
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

outer layer of the peritoneum that lilies the interior of the abdominal wall

50
Q

mesentery

A

fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

51
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

52
Q

retroperitoneal

A

behind the peritoneum

53
Q

genome

A

complete set of genetic information of an organism

54
Q

chromosome

A

genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell- made up of DNA molecules containing body’s genes

55
Q

tissue

A

group or layer of similarly specialized cells that join together to perform certain specific functions

56
Q

epithelial tissue

A

forms a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body

57
Q

epithelium

A

specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes

58
Q

endothelium

A

specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands and organs

59
Q

connective tissues

A

support and connect organs and other body tissues

60
Q

dense connective tissues

A

bones and cartilage, form the joints and framework of the body

61
Q

adipose tissue

A

aka fat - provides protective padding, insulation and support

62
Q

loose connective tissue

A

surrounds organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels

63
Q

liquid connective tissue

A

blood and lymph - transport nutrients and waste products throughout the body

64
Q

aplasia

A

defective development or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue

65
Q

hypoplasia

A

incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

66
Q

anaplasia

A

change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other - characteristic of tumor formation in cancers

67
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues or organs

68
Q

hyperplasia

A

enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues

69
Q

hypertrophy

A

general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size but not in the number of cells in the tissues

70
Q

gland

A

group of specialized epithelial cells that are capable of producing secretions

71
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body

72
Q

endocrine glands

A

produce hormones, do not have ducts - secreted directly into the bloodstream

73
Q

pathology

A

study of disease

74
Q

etiology

A

study of the causes of disease

75
Q

pathogen

A

disease-producing microorganism eg virus

76
Q

communicable disease

A

any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

77
Q

indirect contact transmission

A

situation in which a susceptible person is infected by contact with a contaminated surface

78
Q

bloodborne transmission

A

spread of disease through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluid

79
Q

droplet transmission

A

spread of disease through large respiratory droplets sprayed by coughing or sneezing

80
Q

airborne transmission

A

occurs thru contact with germs floating in air

81
Q

vector-borne tranmission

A

spread of disease through a vector, aka insect or animal

82
Q

epidemiologist

A

specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group

83
Q

endemic

A

ongoing presence of a disease with a population

84
Q

epidemic

A

sudden and wide-spread outbreak of a disease within a population

85
Q

pandemic

A

outbreak of disease over large geographic area

86
Q

functional disorder

A

produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified - eg panic attack

87
Q

iatrogenic illness

A

unfavorable response due to a prescribed medical treatment

88
Q

idiopathic disorder

A

illness without a known cause

89
Q

infectious disease

A

illness caused by living pathogenic organisms

90
Q

nosocomial infection

A

disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

91
Q

organic disorder

A

produces symptoms caused by detectable physical changes in the body, eg chicken pox which causes a rash

92
Q

congenital disorder

A

abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

93
Q

developmental disorder

A

aka birth defect

94
Q

atresia

A

congenital absence of a normal body opening of the failure of a structure to be tubular

Medical Terminology for Health Professionals 8th Ed. (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions