Reproduction in plants- condensed Flashcards
1
Q
advantages of sexual reproduction
A
- increased variation in offspring
- allows us to use selective breeding
2
Q
advantages of asexual reproduction
A
- only one parent needed
- uses less energy and is faster as organisms do not need to mate
- lots of offsprings can be produced
3
Q
fertillization
A
fusion of male and female gamete to produce a zygote that undergoes cell division and develops into an embryo
4
Q
features of insect pollinated flower
A
- large bright petals
- scented with nectar
- sticky pollen grains in moderate amount
5
Q
features of wind pollinated flower
A
- small, dull petals
- no scent or nectar
- smooth and light pollen grains so they can be easily carried by wind
6
Q
anthers and stigma- insect pollinated
A
- inside the flower, stiff, attached so insects can brush past
- stigma is inside, sticky so pollen grains can stick to it when insect brushes past
7
Q
anthers and stigma- wind pollinated
A
- outside, loose on long filaments
- outside, feathery so forms a network to catch pollen grains drifting in the wind
8
Q
male gamete in plants
A
pollen grain
9
Q
female gamete in plants
A
ovule
10
Q
where do pollen grain land
A
stigma
11
Q
first 2 steps in seed formation
A
- pollen tube grows out of the pollen grain and down the style into the ovary and then to the ovule
- The male nucleus travels down the pollen tube from the pollen grain to fuse with the female egg in the ovule forming a zygote.
12
Q
last 3 steps in seed formation
A
- zygote undergoes mitosis to form a seed
- ovule will become the seed and the ovule wall will become the seed coat
- the ovary will become the fruit of the plant
13
Q
germination
A
the process in which seeds begin to develop into a new young plant
14
Q
what is needed for seeds to germinate
A
- water to activate ezymes to break down
- oxygen for aerobic respiation
- warmth for optimum temperature for enzymes to increase growth
15
Q
embryo germinating seeds
A
young root and shoot become the adult plant
