Reproduction in plants- condensed

Question 1

advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 1

• increased variation in offspring
• allows us to use selective breeding

Question 2

advantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 2

• only one parent needed
• uses less energy and is faster as organisms do not need to mate
• lots of offsprings can be produced

Question 3

fertillization

Answer 3

fusion of male and female gamete to produce a zygote that undergoes cell division and develops into an embryo

Question 4

features of insect pollinated flower

Answer 4

• large bright petals
• scented with nectar
• sticky pollen grains in moderate amount

Question 5

features of wind pollinated flower

Answer 5

• small, dull petals
• no scent or nectar
• smooth and light pollen grains so they can be easily carried by wind

Question 6

anthers and stigma- insect pollinated

Answer 6

• inside the flower, stiff, attached so insects can brush past
• stigma is inside, sticky so pollen grains can stick to it when insect brushes past

Question 7

anthers and stigma- wind pollinated

Answer 7

• outside, loose on long filaments
• outside, feathery so forms a network to catch pollen grains drifting in the wind

Question 8

male gamete in plants

Answer 8

pollen grain

Question 9

female gamete in plants

Answer 9

ovule

Question 10

where do pollen grain land

Answer 10

stigma

Question 11

first 2 steps in seed formation

Answer 11

• pollen tube grows out of the pollen grain and down the style into the ovary and then to the ovule
• The male nucleus travels down the pollen tube from the pollen grain to fuse with the female egg in the ovule forming a zygote.

Question 12

last 3 steps in seed formation

Answer 12

• zygote undergoes mitosis to form a seed
• ovule will become the seed and the ovule wall will become the seed coat
• the ovary will become the fruit of the plant

Question 13

germination

Answer 13

the process in which seeds begin to develop into a new young plant

Question 14

what is needed for seeds to germinate

Answer 14

• water to activate ezymes to break down
• oxygen for aerobic respiation
• warmth for optimum temperature for enzymes to increase growth

Question 15

embryo germinating seeds

Answer 15

young root and shoot become the adult plant

Question 16

food store in germinating seeds

Answer 16

starch for plant to use intil it is able to carry out photosyntheiss

Question 17

seed coat in germinating seeds

Answer 17

a protective covering.

Question 18

2 ways of asexual reproduction in plants

Answer 18

• runners
• cuttingd

Question 19

runners

Answer 19

grow horizontally over soil surface and put down roots to form new plants

Question 20

cuttings

Answer 20

• tissue samples scraped from the parent plant
• place inside an agar medium with nutrients and auxin
• sample develops into platelets and these are planted in compost