reproduction in plants

Question 1

sexual reproduction defenition

Answer 1

process involving the fusion of the nuclei of 2 gametes to form a zygote .

Question 2

what is a gamete

Answer 2

a sex cell

Question 3

how many chromosomes are in a gamete

Answer 3

23 (haploid)

Question 4

how many chromosomes does a zygote contain

Answer 4

46 ( diploid)

Question 5

advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 5

• increases genetic variation
• adapt to new environments
• disease is less likely to affect environment

Question 6

disadvantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 6

• takes time and energy
• difficult for isolates memembers to reproduce

Question 7

asexual reproduction defenition

Answer 7

process resulting in genetically identical offspring being produced from one parent

Question 8

what type of offsprings does asexual reproduction make

Answer 8

genetically identical

Question 9

how do bacteria reproduce

Answer 9

asexual reproudction
- binary fission

Question 10

advanatages of asexual reproduction

Answer 10

• population can be increased rapidly
• can exploit sustainable environments quickly
• more time and energy efficeint
• reproduction is faster

Question 11

disadvanatages of asexual reproduction

Answer 11

• limited genetic variation
• population vulnerable to changes in conditions
• diseases is likely to affect whole population

Question 12

what type of cell division occurs in asexual reproduction

Answer 12

mitosis

Question 13

fertillisation defenition

Answer 13

fusion of gamete nuclei

Question 14

pollination meanig

Answer 14

where pollen is transferred by insects or by wind

Question 15

parts of flowers

Answer 15

• sepal
• petals
• anther
• stigma
• ovary
• ovule

Question 16

sepal

Answer 16

protects unpoened flower

Question 17

petals

Answer 17

brightly colored insect pollinated flowers attract insects

Question 18

anther

Answer 18

produced and releases the male sex cell

Question 19

stigma

Answer 19

top of femal part of flower which collects pollen grains

Question 20

ovary

Answer 20

produced the female sex cell

Question 21

ovule

Answer 21

contains the female sex cell

Question 22

process of pollination with insects

Answer 22

• insects visit flowers for nectar
• brushes against antheres which deposits sticky pollen onto insects body
• insect visit another flower, brushes against stigma and deposits pollen from first flower

Question 23

petals in insect pollinated

Answer 23

large and brightly colored to attract insects

Question 24

scent and nectar in insect pollinated

Answer 24

present

Question 25

no. of pollen grains in insect pollinated

Answer 25

moderate

Question 26

pollen grains in insect pollinated

Answer 26

larger, sticky, to attach to insects

Question 27

anthers in insect pollinated

Answer 27

inside flower, stiff and firmly attahced

Question 28

stigma in insect pollinated

Answer 28

inside flower, sticky so pollen grains stick to it

Question 29

what happens to wind pollinated flowers when ripe

Answer 29

anthers open and shed their pollen into open air

Question 30

cross pollination in flowers

Answer 30

when pollen from one plant is transferred to stigma of another plant of same species

Question 31

self pollination in flowers

Answer 31

when pollen lands on the same plant which reduced the genetic variation

Question 32

what do ovule contain

Answer 32

an ovum which is an egg cell that contains female nucleus

Question 33

how does fertilation occur in plants

Answer 33

- pollen grain grows a pollen tube - nucleus inside the pollen grain moves down the tube towards ovary - one both nucleus feat they fuse to form a zygote

Question 34

what happens to the ovule after fertilliation

Answer 34

develops into a seed

Question 35

what does the wall of the ovuvle develop into

Answer 35

seed coat, known as testa

Question 36

what happens to the part of flower surrounding the ovule

Answer 36

develops into a fruit

Question 37

what is seed dispersal

Answer 37

getting seeds away from the parent plant

Question 38

what is germination

Answer 38

start of growth in seed

Question 39

germination process

Answer 39

embryo grows into young seedling

Question 40

what surrounds the embryo

Answer 40

cotyledons

Question 41

what do cotyledons do

Answer 41

food reserves that supply the young seedling with food

Question 42

what happens after seed takings in water

Answer 42

it splits

Question 43

what does splitting of seed lead too

Answer 43

production of the plumule and radicle

Question 44

what is asexual reproduction in plants called

Answer 44

runners

Question 45

what are runners

Answer 45

side branches that have small plantlets at their ends

Question 46

what happens to runners olnkmlnce they touch soil

Answer 46

they grow roots and new plantlets grow and become independent to parent plant

Question 47

what is one way to clone plants

Answer 47

taking cuttings

Question 48

taking cuttings methods

Answer 48

- take cuttings from good parent plants - section of plant with a new bud is cut off - cutting can be placed in water until new roots grow or placed directly into soil - sometimes its placed into rooting powder - then cuttings are planted

Question 49

what is rooting powder

Answer 49

powder which contains rooting hormones