Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PD BIO 305 > Reproduction 2 > Flashcards

Reproduction 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
2
Q

When ‘ESTROGEN’ is present, what happens to the female germ cell ‘OOCYTE’?

A

BEGINS TO MATURE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What hormone must be present in order for a ‘FEMALE’ germ cell ‘OOCYTE’ to ‘MATURE’?

A

ESTROGEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A ‘FOLLICLE’ that is exposed to ‘ESTROGEN’ goes through a series of complex steps to mature. There are 4 basic steps, what are they?

A
  1. PRIMARY FOLLICLE
  2. SECONDARY FOLLICLE
  3. TERTIARY FOLLICLE
  4. EGG RELEASED INTO OVIDUCT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the ‘LARGE MATURE FOLLICLE’ that develops during the cycle called?

A

GRAFFIAN FOLLICLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

There are 2 main ‘HORMONES’ thare are released from the ‘OVARIES’. What are they?

A
  1. ESTROGENS

2. PROGESTERONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

‘ESTROGENS’ encompass several different hormones. What are the 3 different hormones?

A
  1. ESTRADIOL
  2. ESTRIOL
  3. ESTRONE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ‘MAIN’ ‘ESTROGEN’ that is secreted from the ‘OVARIES’?

A

ESTRADIOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

‘ESTROGEN’ is produced in ‘FEMALES’ from 3 different places. What are the 3 places?

A
  1. FOLLICLE
  2. CORPUS LUTEUM
  3. PLACENTA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the effects of ‘ESTROGEN’ in the ‘FEMALE’ system development?

A

STIMULATES DEVELOPMENT OF ‘SECONDARY SEX STRUCTURES’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

‘ESTROGEN’ also has an effect on one of the ‘UTERINE WALLS’. Which ‘UTERINE WALL’ does it affect and what happens?

A

MYOMETRIUM

STIMULATES MYOMETRIAL CONTRACTIONS

(*MNEMONIC - ME)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

‘ESTROGEN’ has the ability to ‘INHIBIT’ what other hormone?

A

FSH (FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

‘PROGESTERONE’ is produced in ‘FEMALES’ from 2 different places. What are the 2 places?

A
  1. CORPUS LUTEUM

2. PLACENTA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

‘PROGESTERONE’ also has an effect on one of the ‘UTERINE WALLS’. Which ‘UTERINE WALL’ does it affect and what happens?

A

MYOMETRIUM

‘INHIBITS’ MYOMETRIUM CONTRACTIONS

(*MNEMONIC - PRO-INHIBITION)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does ‘PROGESTERONE’ inhibit?

A

MYOMETRIUM

‘INHIBITS’ MYOMETRIUM CONTRACTIONS

(*MNEMONIC - PRO-INHIBITION)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the effects of ‘ESTROGEN’ in the ‘FEMALE’ system development?

A

STIMULATES DEVELOPMENT OF ‘SECONDARY SEX STRUCTURES’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The ‘CESSATION’ of ‘menses’ or ‘MENARCHE’ (mensturation) is also called what two things?

A
  1. MENOPAUSE

2. CLIMACTERIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

From ‘PUBERTY’ to ‘MENOPAUSE’ in ‘FEMALES’. There are 8 things than occur, what are they?

A
  1. BREAST CHANGE
  2. MENSTRUATION CHANGE
  3. RHYTHMIC OVARY CHANGES
  4. MYOMETRIUM CHANGES
  5. VAGINAL CHANGE
  6. HORMONE SECRETION CHANGES
  7. BODY TEMPERATURE CHANGES
  8. MOOD CHANGES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What would the following by sings of:

  1. BREAST CHANGE
  2. MENSTRUATION CHANGE
  3. RHYTHMIC OVARY CHANGES
  4. MYOMETRIUM CHANGES
  5. VAGINAL CHANGE
  6. HORMONE SECRETION CHANGES
  7. BODY TEMPERATURE CHANGES
  8. MOOD CHANGES
A

Changes from ‘PUBERTY’ to ‘MENOPAUSE’ in ‘FEMALES’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the ‘AVERAGE HUMAN MENSTRUAL CYCLE’ length?

A

29.5 DAYS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What things can change the ‘REGULARITY’ of a ‘WOMAN’S MENSTRUAL CYCLE’? (*There are 4 of them)

A
  1. SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
  2. DAY LENGTH
  3. ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
  4. SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

TRUE or FALSE:

Younger women tend to have SHORTER cycles than do older women

A

FALSE

Younger Women = LONGER CYCLES

Older Women = SHORTER CYCLES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What would eventually happen to a group of girls on different ‘MENSTRUATION’ cycles if they were put together in the same living environment?

A

EVENTUALLY THEY WOULD MENSTRUATE AT ABOUT THE SAME TIME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’ is spread over 29.5 days. During these time, there are 5 main events. What are the 5 days that these events take place?

A
  1. DAY 1
  2. DAY 7
  3. DAY 14
  4. DAY 23
  5. DAY 27

(7-14-23-27)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If ‘ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE’ levels are ‘HIGH’ what is ‘INHIBITED’?

A

FSH (FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 1’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’?

What hormones are present and in what levels?

A

MENSTURATION STARTS

ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE = LOW
FSH = HIGH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

On ‘DAY 1’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’, ‘FSH’ levels are high. What does this do?

A

STIMULATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOLLICLE (EGG INSIDE FOLLICLE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How many ‘FOLLICLES’ are ‘STIMULATED’ during ‘MENSTURATION’?

A

6-7 IN EACH OVARY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 2’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’?

What hormones are present and in what levels?

A

ONE FOLLICLE CONTINUES, OTHERS DEGENERATE

ESTROGEN ‘INCREASES’ AS FOLLICLE GROWS INTO ‘GRAFFIAN FOLLICLE’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 14’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’?

What hormones are present and in what levels?

A

OVULATION

LH SURGE = 16 HOURS BEFORE OVULATION

LH = HIGH

Expulsion of egg from ‘MATURE FOLLICLE’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

TRUE or FALSE

‘OVARIES’ usually alternate expulsion of the ‘EGG/FOLLICLE’.

A

TRUE

‘OVARIES’ DO ALTERNATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What will happen if there is NO ‘LH SURGE’?

A

OVULATION WILL ‘NOT’ OCCUR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

There are 3 indications that ‘OVULATION’ has occured on ‘DAY 14’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’. What are they?

A
  1. BASAL BODY TEMP RISE
  2. SLIGHT PAIN OVER OVARY
  3. VAGINAL SECRETORY PATTERNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What point in the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’ is considered to be the most ‘highly fertile period’?

A

DAY 14 - OVULATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

‘SPERM’ can live approximately how many days?

A

3-6 DAYS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

An ‘EGG’ can be fertilized for about how long?

A

12-24 HOURS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The ‘FERTILE PERIOD’ is about how many days near the middle of the cycle?

A

5-6 DAYS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

‘LH’ stimulates the transformation of ‘FOLLICLE CELLS’ into what?

A

‘CORPUS LUTEUM’

YELLOW BODY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Cells of the ‘CORPUS LUTEUM’ secrete 2 hormones. What are they?

A
  1. ESTROGENS

2. PROGESTERONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 23’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’ if pregnancy ‘DOES’ occur?

A

CORPUS PERSISTS = INCREASED ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE AND FSH INHIBITED

NO MORE PERIODS UNTIL AFTER DELIVERY OF BABY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What hormone is only present in a pregnant woman, which indicates a ‘SUCCESSFUL’ fertilization?

A

(HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What does (HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN do?

A

MAINTAINS ‘CORPUS LUTEUM’ DURING PREGNANCY

MAINTAINS LEVELS OF ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

(HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN is detectable in the blood/urine as early as how many days ‘AFTER’ fertilization?

A

8-10 DAYS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Where does (HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN come from?

A

IMPLANTATION SITE OF EGG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

(HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN is similar to what other 2 common hormones?

A
  1. GH (GROWTH HORMONE)

2. PROLACTIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

(HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN has what type of effects on the body with regards to sugar?

Why is this helpful during pregnancy?

A

ANTI-INSULIN EFFECTS

DECREASES MATERNAL GLUCOSE UTILIZATION. GLUCOSE IS DIVERTED TO FETUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 23’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’ if pregnancy does ‘NOT’ occur?

A

CORPUS LUTEUM BEINGS TO DEGENERATE

ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE LEVELS = DROP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What maintains the ‘CORPUS LUTEUM’?

A

(HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What happens on ‘DAY 27’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’?

What hormones are present and in what levels?

A 
ESTROGEN = LOW
PROGESTERONE = LOW

ISCHEMIA (LACK OF BLOOD FLOW) TO ‘ENDOMETRIUM’

‘ENDOMETRIUM’ IS SLUFFED OFF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What happens a few days after ‘DAY 27’ of the ‘OVARIAN CYCLE’?

A

NEXY CYCLE BEGINS AFTER ‘ENDOMETRIUM’ IS SLUFFED OFF AND ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE LEVELS ARE LOW.

FSH INCREASES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is ‘DAY 1-5’ considered to be called during the ‘MENSTRUAL CYCLE’?

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

52
Q

During the ‘MENSTRUAL PHASE’ most women lose approximately how much blood?

A

1 - 1.25 oz of BLOOD

33 - 83ml

53
Q

What is ‘DAY 6-14’ considered to be called during the ‘MENSTRUAL CYCLE’? (*3 things)

A

POSTMENSTRUAL, PREOVULATORY, LUTEAL PHASE

  • PROLIFERATION OF ENDOMETRIAL CELLS
  • STIMULATED BY ESTROGENS FROM FOLLICLE
54
Q

What is ‘DAY 27-28’ considered to be called during the ‘MENSTRUAL CYCLE’?

A

ISCHEMIC PHASE

55
Q

The ‘SECRETORY PHASE’ is almost ‘always’ how many days?

A

14 DAYS

56
Q

The ‘LENGTH OF CYCLES’ vary. How many days is it for most women?

A

26-35 DAY CYCLES

57
Q

Out of all of the 9 different phases during ‘MENSTRUATION’, what is the most constant?

A

POSTOVULATORY (14 DAYS)

58
Q

‘CYCLE LENGTH’ can be affected by 3 different factors. What are the factors?

A
  1. GENETIC
  2. NUTRITIONAL FACTORS
  3. EXTREME EXERCISE
59
Q

‘IMPLANTATION’ usually takes place about how long after fertilization?

A

6-7 DAYS

60
Q

There are typically ‘TWO’ implantation sites. What are the 2 sites?

A
  1. INTRAUTERINE

2. EXTRAUTERINE

61
Q

Out of the ‘2’ ‘IMPLANTATION SITES’, which ones it considered to be ‘RARE’ and found in ‘ECTOPIC PREGNANCIES’?

A

EXTRAUTERINE

62
Q

What is a ‘INTRAUTERINE’ implantation site defined as?

What 3 places can it be implanted at?

A

1) UPPER POSTERIOR WALL OF UTERUS
2) CERVICAL IMPLANTATION
3) INTERNAL OS

63
Q

What is a ‘EXTRA UTERINE’ implantation site defined as?

What 3 places can it be implanted at?

A

RARE / ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

1) TUBAL
2) ABDOMINAL
3) OVARIAN

64
Q

What % of ‘FERTILE ZYGOTES’ result in ‘MISCARRIAGE’?

A

30%

65
Q

How long does it take for a ‘ZYGOTE’ to grow to ‘HUMAN’ for normal birth weight?

A

38 WEEKS (9.5 MONTHS)

66
Q

What is the average birth weight of a newborn baby?

A

7-7.5 POUNDS

67
Q

What is the ‘DEVELOPING ORGANISM’ referred to as 2 weeks after contraception?

A

PRE-EMBRYO

68
Q

How long is the baby referred to as an ‘EMBRYO’?

A

WEEKS 3-8 OF DEVELOPMENT

69
Q

After week at, the ‘EMBRYO’ is reffered to as what?

A

FETUS

70
Q

After how many weeks is a ‘developing organism’ referred to as a ‘FETUS’?

A

8 WEEKS+

71
Q

During ‘PREGNANCY’ and ‘LACTATION’ there are some extra nutritional requirements. What are they? (*There are 5 of them)

A
  1. EXTRA PROTEIN
  2. EXTRA IRON
  3. EXTRA CALCIUM
  4. EXTRA FOLIC ACID
  5. EXTRA VITAMIN B
72
Q

On average, how much weight should a mother ‘gain’?

A

25 POUNDS

73
Q

The ‘25 POUNDS’ that a mother gains can be separated into 5 things. What are the 5 things?

A

1) 12 lbs = FAT
2) 2 lbs = PLACENTA
3) 2 lbs = AMNIOTIC FLUID
4) 1 lb = BLOOD VOLUME
5) 8 lbs = BABY

74
Q

What is the literal meaning of ‘PROGESTERONE’?

A

FOR-GESTATION

75
Q

What are the levels of ‘ESTROGEN’/’PROGESTERONE’ like during pregnancy?

A

HIGH

76
Q

When does (HCG) HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN reach it’s peak?

A

IN THE 2nd MONTH

77
Q

What happens to the ‘PITUITARY GLAND’ during ‘PREGNANCY’?

A

INCREASES IN SIZE / ACTIVITY

78
Q

What happens to ‘BLOOD VOLUME’ and ‘CARDIAC OUTPUT’ during ‘PREGNANCY’?

A

INCREASES

79
Q

What happens to usualy ‘CALORIC REQUIREMENTS’?

A

INCREASE

80
Q

What are the 4 main causes for the ‘30%’ of ‘ZYGOTES’ miscarried before/right after implantation?

A
  1. GENETIC/CHROMOSOMAL DAMAGE
  2. IMMUNE RESPONSES
  3. DRUG/POLLUNTANT EXPOSURE
  4. IMPROPER HORMONAL PRIMING OF UTERUS
81
Q

After a pregnancy is established, what factors account for ‘42%’ of miscarriages? (*There is only 1)

A

CHROMOSOMAL/GENETIC ERRORS

82
Q

What percentage of ‘ESTABLISHED PREGNANCIES’ are terminated by ‘miscarriage’?

When does this occur?

A

20%

DURING THE 1st TRIMESTER

83
Q

What is ‘PARTURITION’ defined as?

A

ACT OF GIVING BIRTH

84
Q

There are 3 factors that ‘INCREASE’ the contractibility of the ‘UTERUS’. What are they?

A
  1. ESTROGEN LEVEL INCREASE
  2. OXYTOCIN SECRETION
  3. PROSTAGLANDIN FORMATION
    • In Uterus

(*MNEMONIC = POE)

85
Q

‘LABOR’ can be divded into 3 stages. What are the 3 stages?

A
  1. CERIVCAL DILATION
  2. DELIVERY OF BABY
  3. DELIVERY OF PLACENTA
86
Q

The delivery of the ‘PLACENTA’ is also referred to as what?

A

AFTERBIRTH

87
Q

About how much does the ‘CERVICAL DILATE’ during labor?

A

UP TO 10cm

88
Q

‘MENOPAUSE’ is defined as what type of ‘sexual cycles’?

A

IRREGULAR

89
Q

At around what age does ‘MENOPAUSE’ occur?

A

~52 YEARS OF AGE

90
Q

Puberty in ‘WOMEN’ is starting _______ and menopause is devloping _______.

A
  1. EARLIER = PUBERTY

2. LATER = MENOPAUSE

91
Q

Compared to women in America, women who have twins, smoke or are in developing countires enter menopause at a(n) ________ age.

A

EARLIER

92
Q

During ‘MENOPAUSE’ what hormones are present and in what levels?

Why does this occur?

A

FOLLICLE DOES NOT DEVELOP

  1. LH/FSH = HIGH
  2. ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE = LOW
93
Q

What are some of the signs of ‘MENOPAUSE’? (*There are 12)

A
  1. HOT FLASHES
  2. IRRITABILITY
  3. FATIGUE
  4. INSOMNIA
  5. CRYING EPISODES
  6. DEPRESSION
  7. DECREASE IN LIBIDO
  8. DRY MOUTH
  9. VAGINAL ITCHING
  10. VAGINAL DRYNESS
  11. HEART PALPITATION
  12. BACKACHES
94
Q

Someone with the following would be going through what:

  1. HOT FLASHES
  2. IRRITABILITY
  3. FATIGUE
  4. INSOMNIA
  5. CRYING EPISODES
  6. DEPRESSION
  7. DECREASE IN LIBIDO
  8. DRY MOUTH
  9. VAGINAL ITCHING
  10. VAGINAL DRYNESS
  11. HEART PALPITATION
  12. BACKACHES
A

MENOPAUSE

95
Q

What are some of the treatment options for ‘MENOPAUSE’?

A

ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY (ERT)

96
Q

What is ‘PREMARIN’?

A

MIXTURE OF 6 ESTROGENS DERIVED FROM PREGNANT HORSE URINE

(PREGNANT MARE URINE) = PREMARIN

97
Q

If (ERT) ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY is taken during the first years of ‘MENOPAUSE’ and continues for 7 years after. What will it help to eliminate?

A

OSTEOPOROSIS (Weak bones)

98
Q

What are some of the ‘BENEFITS’ of (ERT)? (*There are 5 of them)

A
  1. RELIEVES HOT FLASHES
  2. INSOMNIA
  3. VAGINAL DRYNESS
  4. MOOD SWINGS
  5. HEART DISEASE
99
Q

What are some of the ‘RISKS’ of (ERT)? (*There are 4 of them)

A
  1. BREAST CANCER
  2. WEIGHT GAIN
  3. GALL BLADDER DISEASE
  4. ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
100
Q

What effects does ‘ESTROGEN’ have on the ‘UTERINE WALL DEVELOPMENT’?

A

STIMULATES IT TO GROW

101
Q

What happens to ‘UTERINE LINING’ in the presence ‘PROGESTERONE’? (*2 things)

A
  1. BECOMES MORE GLANDULAR

2. BECOMES MORE VASCULAR

102
Q

What happens to ‘BLOOD VESSELS’ in the ‘UTERINE LINING’ as the concentrations of ‘ESTROGEN’/’PROGESTERONE’ ‘DECLINE’?

A

BLOOD VESSELS CONSTRICT IN UTERINE LINING

103
Q

What is ‘BIRTH CONTROL’ defined as?

A

VOLUNTARY REGULATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE PROCESS

104
Q

There are 7 forms of ‘BIRTH CONTROL/CONTRACEPTION’? What are they?

A
  1. COITUS INTERRUPTUS
  2. RHYTHM
  3. MECHANICAL BARRIERS
  4. CHEMICAL BARRIERS
  5. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
  6. SURGICAL METHODS
  7. IUD
105
Q

What is ‘COITUS INTERRUPTUS’?

A

WITHDRAWING THE PENIS FROM THE VAGINA BEFORE EJACULATION

106
Q

What is ‘RHYTHM’ in regards to ‘BIRTH CONTROL’?

A

ABSTINENCE OF SEXUAL INTERCOURSE DURING THE TIME THE EGG IS AVAILABLE FOR FERTILIZATION (FEW DAYS BEFORE/AFTER OVULATION)

107
Q

What are 2 examples of ‘MECHANICAL BIRTH CONTROL’?

A
  1. CONDOM - Sheath placed over erect penis prior to intercourse. Prevents sperm entry to vagina.
  2. DIAGPHRAGM - Rubber dome placed over cervix. Prevents sperm entry to ‘UTERUS’
108
Q

What are ‘CHEMICAL BARRIERS’ with regards to ‘BIRTH CONTROL’?

What are some examples?

A

USED TO KILL/IMMOBILIZE SPERM

CREAMS, FOAMS, JELLIES PLACED INSIDE VAGINA PRIOR TO INTERCOURSE

109
Q

What are ‘ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES’? What are they usually made of?

A

REFFERED TO AS THE ‘PILL’

Contain ‘ESTROGEN-LIKE’ and ‘PROGESTERONE-LIKE’ substances that alter ‘ENDORCRINE’ regulation of ovaries and ‘PREVENT’ ovulation.

110
Q

What are the 2 ‘SURGICAL METHODS’ of ‘BIRTH CONTROL’?

A
  1. VASECTOMY

2. TUBAL LIGATION

111
Q

What is a ‘TUBAL LIGATION’?

A

FEMAL SURGICAL BIRTH CONTROL

TIE OFF BOTH UTERINE TUBES, PREVENTS TRANSPORT OF SPERM OR EGG THROUGH TUBES.

112
Q

What is ‘IUD’ birth control?

A

IRRITATES UTERINE WALL SO ZYGOTE CANNOT IMPLANT

DOES ‘NOT’ PREVENT FERTILIZATION

113
Q

TRUE or FALSE

The ‘IUD’ contraceptive DOES prevent fertilization of the sperm and egg.

A

FALSE

It does NOT prevent fertilization of the sperm and egg.

It ‘IRRITATES’ the uterine wall so zygote cannot implant.

114
Q

What is the method of ‘BIRTH CONTROL’ that has a 100% effective rate?

A

ABSTINENCE

115
Q

Early development of ‘SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS’ is known as:

A

PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY

116
Q

‘TESTOSTERONE’ is produce in the:

A

LEYDIG CELLS

117
Q

The ‘approximate’ lifespan of ‘SPERM’ is:

A

24-48 HOURS

118
Q

During the onset of ‘MENSTRUATION’:

  1. ESTROGEN LEVELS ARE LOW
  2. PROGESTERONE LEVELS = LOW
  3. LH LEVELS ARE HIGH
  4. ALL OF THE ABOVE
A
  1. ALL OF THE ABOVE
119
Q

‘OLVUATION’ is caused by:

A

AN LH SURGE

120
Q

‘OVULATION’ usually occurs on:

A

DAY 14 OF THE CYCLE

121
Q

Where does ‘FERTILIZATION’ usually occur?

A

IN THE FALLOPIAN TUBES

122
Q

How many ‘eggs’ does a female posses at ‘BIRTH’?

A

1 MILLION`

123
Q

Which of the following are involved in parturition (BIRTH)?

  1. ESTROGEN, OXYTOCIN, PROSTAGLANDINS
  2. ESTROGEN, OXYTOCIN, FSH
  3. ESTROGEN, LH, PROGESTERONE
  4. ESTROGEN, LH, BIRTHIN
A
  1. ESTROGEN, OXYTOCIN, PROSTAGLANDINS
124
Q

Where are the ‘SPERM’ stored for maturation before they are released from the ‘TESTES’?

A

EPIDIDYMIS

PD BIO 305 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions