Blood 1 Flashcards
THE AVERAGE YOUNG ADULT HAS HOW MUCH ‘BLOOD’? (*VOLUME)
6 LITERS
‘BLOOD’ is separated into 2 different components. What are the 2 components?
- CELLS
2. PLASMA
What 3 types of ‘CELLS’ are found in ‘BLOOD’ composition?
- ERYTHROCYTES
- LEUKOCYTES
- THROMBOCYTES
WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR ‘ERYTHROCYTES’?
RED BLOOD CELLS (RBCs)
WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR ‘LEUKOCYTES’?
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBCs)
WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR ‘THROMBOCYTES’?
PLATELETS
In ‘BLOOD’, ‘PLASMA’ can be separated into 2 main sub-groups. What are the 2 main sub-groups?
What percentages does each make up of the ‘PLASMA’?
- WATER (90-92%)
2. SOLIDS (7-9%)
What are the 5 functions of ‘BLOOD’?
- CARRIAGE OF O2 TO CELLS
- TRANSPORT OF HORMONES IN BODY
- REMOVAL OF CO2 FROM CELLS
- DEFENSE AGAINST DISEASE
- REGULATE ACID/BASE BALANCE
In the ‘SOLUTE’ portion of the ‘PLASMA’ in blood there are 4 major substances. What are they?
- PROTEINS (7%)
- ELECTROLYTES
- UREA
- GLUCOSE
What ‘PROTEIN’ is found in the most abundance in blood plasma?
ALBUMIN
‘ALBUMIN’ accounts for what percentage of the total amount of ‘protein’ found in blood plasma?
ALBUMIN = 55% OF ‘BLOOD PLASMA PROTEIN’ CONCENTATION
What is considered to be the ‘NORMAL’ hematocrit?
45% = NORMAL
What is the normal ‘HEMATOCRIT’ range for males?
42-48% = MALES
What is the normal ‘HEMATOCRIT’ range for females?
38-44% = FEMALES
When blood is placed in centrifuge and spun down, there are 2 different sections. What is the ‘BOTTOM’ portion referred to as and what is the ‘TOP’ portion referred to as?
FORMED ELEMENTS = ‘BOTTOM’
PLASMA = ‘TOP’
‘PLASMA’ minus the ‘coagulation factors’ is referred to as what?
SERUM
What causes a sample of blood to clot?
COAGULATION FACTORS / CLOTTING FACTORS
What is the ratio of ‘RED BLOOD CELLS’ to other ‘BLOOD CELLS’?
500:01:00
There are many organic/inorganic substances that are dissolved in blood. What are 9 examples of these?
- PROTEINS
- ELECTROLYTES
- GLUCOSE
- AMINO ACIDS
- LIPIDS
- VITAMINS
- HORMONES
- GASES
- WASTE PRODUCTS
‘PLASMA PROTEINS’ can be separated into 4 basic groups. What are the 4 basic groups?
- ALBUMIN
- GLOBULINS (ALPHA/BETA/GAMMA)
- CLOTTING FACTORS
- OTHERS (ENZYMES/HORMONES)
WHERE ARE THE ‘ALPHA/BETA’ GLOBULINS FORMED?
IN THE LIVER
What is the main function of ‘ALBUMIN’ proteins found in the blood?
What is a important characteristic of this protein?
OSMOTIC PRESSURE REGULATION
IS THE ‘SMALLEST’ MOST ‘ABUNDANT’ PLASMA PROTEIN
What are the functions of the ‘ALPHA/BETA’ globulins?
How do they work?
CARRIER VEHICLES
PREVENT SUBSTANCES IN BLOOD FROM LEAVING THE CAPILLARY TOO QUICKLY.
What is the function of ‘GAMMA’ globulins as a blood plasma protein?
What 2 types of this are possible?
ANTIBODY PRODUCTION
- NATURAL IMMUNITY
- ACQUIRED IMMUNITY