Body Water Flashcards
IF ‘BODY WATER VOLUME’ increases what happens to ‘BLOOD VOLUME’ and ‘BLOOD PRESSURE’ respectively?
BLOOD VOLUME = INCREASES
BLOOD PRESSURE = INCREASES
(*DIRECTLY AFFECTED FROM BODY WATER VOLUME)
IF ‘BODY WATER VOLUME’ decreases what happens to ‘BLOOD VOLUME’ and ‘BLOOD PRESSURE’ respectively?
BLOOD VOLUME = DECREASES
BLOOD PRESSURE = DECREASES
(*DIRECTLY AFFECTED FROM BODY WATER VOLUME)
What percentage of ‘WATER WEIGHT’ is the average adult body composed of?
This equals out to approximately how many liters?
What is this referred to as?
50-60%
40 LITERS
REFERRED TO AS ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’
What are the 2 types of ‘FLUID COMPARTMENTS’?
- INTRACELLULAR (ICF)
2. EXTRACELLULAR (EFC)
What is ‘INTRACELLULAR FLUID’ defined as?
‘FLUID’ CONTAINED IN THE CELLS
What is ‘EXTRACELLULAR FLUID’ characterized as?
ALL FLUID NOT CONTAINED IN CELLS.
INCLUDES FLUID BETWEEN TISSUES (INTERSTITIAL FLUID) AND PLASMA COMPONENT OF BLOOD
What fluid is considered to be ‘TRANSCELLULAR FLUID’?
CSF (Cerebral Spinal Fluid)
Of the 50-60% ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’, what percentage represents ‘INTRACELLULAR FLUID’ (ICF)?
35-40%
Of the 50-60% ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’, what percentage represents ‘EXTRACELLULAR FLUID’ (ECF)?
ECF = 10-20% of ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ Weight (TBW)
‘EXTRACELLULAR FLUID’ is separated into 2 sub-groups. What are the sub-groups?
- INTERSTITIAL
2. PLASMA
What ‘PERCENTAGE’ of ‘EXTRACELLULAR FLUID’ is ‘INTERSTITIAL FLUID’?
The majority of (ECF) is Interstitial Fluid
Appx. (65-75%)
What ‘PERCENTAGE’ of ‘EXTRACELLULAR FLUID’ is ‘PLASMA’ FLUID?
The minority of (ECF) is Plasma Fluid
Appx. (20-25%)
What is the ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ (TBW) for infants and young children?
80% TBW
TRUE OR FALSE
‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ (TBW) DECREASES WITH AGE.
TRUE
(TBW) DECREASES WITH AGE
Which ‘SEX’ has less ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’?
Why?
WOMEN
FATTY TISSUES HAVE LESS WATER
What percentage of ‘BLOOD’ is composed of ‘WATER’?
BLOOD = 55% WATER (H2O)
What is ‘DEHYDRATION’ or ‘HYPOVOLEMIA’ characterized as?
LACK OF WATER (H2O)
What is ‘WATER INTOXICATION’ or ‘HYPERVOLEMIA’ characterized as?
EXCESSIVE WATER (H2O) INTAKE
What is the ‘AVERAGE’ water intake per day?
2500ml or 2.5L
What is ‘EDEMA’ characterized as?
LARGE AMOUNTS OF FLUID IN THE ‘INTERSTITIAL’ SPACE
What is ‘ADH’ and what are its functions?
*THERE ARE 2 OF THEM
ADH = ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONE
- REGULATES OSMOLARITY
- REGULATES VOLUME OF EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS VIA WATER LOSS CONTROL
What is the function of a ‘DIURETIC’?
‘INCREASES’ URINARY OUTPUT.
INCREASED BODY WATER LOSS
What is ‘DIABETES INSIPIDOUS’ characterized as?
LACK OF ADH (ANTI DIURETIC-HORMONE)
*NOT SUGAR RELATED
(INSIPIDOUS = W/OUT TASTE)
What are some ‘causes’ for ‘HYPOVOLEMIA’ / ‘DEHYDRATION’?
*THERE ARE 6 CAUSES
- DECREASED WATER INTAKE
- INCREASED WATER OUTPUT
- DIARRHEA
- LOSS OF BLOOD
- DRAINAGE FROM BURNS
- LACK OF ADH
What are some of the ‘symptoms’ of ‘HYPOVOLEMIA’ / ‘DEHYDRATION’?
- LOSS OF WEIGHT
- RISE IN BODY TEMPERATURE
- INCREASED HEART RATE
- CARDIAC OUTPUT
- DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
- DECREASED URINE
What are some of the ‘causes’ of ‘WATER INTOXICATION’ / ‘HYPERVOLEMIA’?
(*THERE ARE 3 CAUSES)
- EXCESSIVE IV ADMINISTRATION
- PSYCHOTIC DRINKING EPISODES
- RENAL FAILURE (DECREASED URINARY OUTPUT)
What are some of the ‘symptoms’ of ‘WATER INTOXICATION’ / ‘HYPERVOLEMIA’?
(*THERE ARE 7 OF SYMPTOMS)
- DECREASED BODY TEMPERATURE
- INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
- EDEMA
- WEIGHT GAIN
- VOMITING
- CONVULSIONS
- COMA
What are some of the body ‘responses’ of ‘WATER INTOXICATION’ / ‘HYPERVOLEMIA’?
(*THERE ARE 3 RESPONSES)
- INHIBITION OF THIRST VIA HYPOTHALAMUS
- DECREASE OF ADH/ALDOSTERONE
- INCREASED URINARY OUTPUT
(SODIUM LEVELS DROP)
What are some of the body ‘responses’ of ‘DEHYDRATION’ / ‘HYPOVOLEMIA’?
(*THERE ARE 4 RESPONSES)
- LESS SALIVARY SECRETION
- DRYING OF MOUTH/PHARYNX
- DRINKING STIMULATED BY BRAIN
- INCREASED ALDOSTERONE (REGULATES SALT/WATER BALANCE)
What are the ‘EFFECTS’ after 1% (0.7L) of ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ has been lost?
- THIRST
What are the ‘EFFECTS’ after 5% (3.5L) of ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ has been lost?
(*THERE ARE 3 OF EFFECTS)
- LETHARGY
- IRRITABILITY
- LOSS OF APPETITE
What are the ‘EFFECTS’ after 10% (7L) of ‘TOTAL BODY WATER’ has been lost?
(*THERE ARE 2 EFFECTS)
- INCOORDINATION
2. DEATH
These 2 ‘HORMONES’ are ‘MADE’ in the ‘HYPOTHALAMUS’.
- ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONE (ADH)
2. OXYTOCIN
What 2 ‘HORMONES’ are released from the ‘POSTERIOR PITUITARY’?
- ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONE (ADH)
2. OXYTOCIN
‘WATER PILLS’ ARE ALSO CONSIDERED TO BE A WHAT?
HOW DOES THIS WORK?
WATER PILLS = DIURETIC
INCREASED BODY WATER LOSS VIA URINATION
‘CAFFEINE’ CAUSES INCREASED URINARY OUTPUT BECAUSE IT ACTS AS A WHAT?
DIURETIC