repro 3 Flashcards
mifepristone is given with what drug
misoprotol
mifepristone is a progeterone antagonist
bicornuate uterus
failure of fusion of paramesonephric ducts
two major causes of third semester bleeding
placenta previa and abruptio placenta
placenta previa presents as PAINLESS bleeding and no distress for fetus
first line PCOS treatment for PCOS patiets williong to conceive
climiphene
GnRH agonist
induce ovulation
27 year Oldman history of travel to carribean
2 day history of tender ulcerated lymphadenopathy
initially had a painless ulcer that resolved on its own
lymphgranulosa verosum chlamydia L1 L3
txt doxy
pregnant txt: azithromycin
DD sypillis and lymphogranuloma vereneum
both are painless ulcers BUT
syphilis has NO LOCAL LYMPHADENOPATHY
risk factors for endometrial cancer
think anything that increases estrogen exposure obesity estrogen only pills nulliparity early menarche late menopause
histological exam of tissue resected during a hysterectomy
transitional epithelium can be seen
what might have caused this
resection of uretes while cutting the broad ligament
ureter and bladder are lined with transitional cells
epispadias is caused by abnormal development of?
and which structure does this give rise to in females
genital tubercle
glans clitoris
abnormal development of urogenital folds gives rise to?
hypospadias in men
epispadias can be associated with
bladder and bowel extrophy
what is the major complication of preeclampsia and how is it tested
DIC
d dimer test (fibrin split products)
pt has no uterus what are the differentials
Mullerian agenesis
androgen insensitivity syndrome
5 alpha reductase def
DD Mullerian agenesis and Androgen insensitivity syndrom
AISD…. XY and testes present
Mullerian is a normal female just no paramesonephric duct
weil felix reaction tests for which infection
ricketssial
hypoacusis vs hyperacusis
hypo— cant hear low sounds
hyper—cant resist loud noises
hypoacusis causes vs hyperacusis causes
hypo — damage to trigeminal nerve V3 mandibular branch….. tensor tympani muscle
hyper —- damage to sapes muscle supplied by cranial nerve 7 facial nerve…
pharyngeal arch 1 derivatives
MATT
mylohyoid,anterior digastric, tensor tympanii, tensor veli palatine
innervation by trigeminal nerve
define gummas in tertiary syphillis
subcutaneous granulomas
secondary syphilis signs
4 10 weeks
maculopapular rash, condyloma lata, lymphadenopathy, hair loss, muscle pain, fever
spina bifida problem occurs during which week of gestation
4th week
this is when the posterior neuropore closes
describe histology of the pagets disease
eczematous patch often with underlying DCIS
large cells with prominent nucleoli and clear halos
risk factors: nulliparity early menarche late menopause obesity
histo of breast extracellular mucus surrounding the tumor cells
mucinous carcinoma is a rare form of DCIS
originates in milk duct
fibrovascular structures lined by ductal epithelim (BREAST)
intraductal papilloma
no scaly rash like DCIS
infant has hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly and lactic acidosis
what enzyme is at fault
glucose 6 phosphatase
this enzyme is required for the final step of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
alpha 1,4 glucosidase def
pompe disease
hypertrophic CM, cardiomegaly, hypotonia
alpha 1,6 glucosidase
cori disease
wht keeps a penis erect
parasympathetic S2 S4
acute prostatitis causes <35 years and >35 years
<35…. chlamydia and gonorrhea
>35….. ecoli pseudomonas and klebsiella
what test can be performed to check for genetic mutations for example parents wanting to find out if the child will have CF
polymerase chain reaction and sequencing
which tanner stage is this
downy pubic hair and formation of breast bud
tanner 2
first signs of puberty
dark thick pubic hair and enlarged breasts
growth spurt
tanner 3
how to separate tanner 3 from tanner 4
tanner 4 has raised areola
positive nitrite test and bacteria grown with eosin methylin blue agar
Ecoli
bacteria grown on bile esculin agar
negative nitrite test for UTI
enterococcus
treatment of skin infection caught by yoga mats
pt complains of skin hyperpigmentation after using the tretment
ketoconazole
MOA — blocking formation of fungal membrane steroids
ALSO blocks desmolase and 17 a hydroxylase
17 a hydroxylase block —– responsible for the antiandrogenic effects (libido,gynecomastia)
desmolase —– desmolase is essential for adrenal cortisol production which is used for feedback inhibiton of POMC gene which codes for ACTH and melanocyte stim hormone
which antifungal druga has good CNS penetration and can be used for Cryptococcus neofrom
flucytosine
flucanozole
production of which hormone would indicate sex of baby on ultrasound
dihydroesterone
external genatalia
pt has suprapubic abd tenderness dysuria polyuria
prev 3 vaginal births
diagnosis and complication
uterine prolapse
pyelonephritis…. cardinal ligaments may compress the ureters and cause hydronephrosis
cancer in prostate
specimen must be taken from which part
peripheral zone
clomiphene mechanism
inhibits estrogen
leads to positive feedback
medication commonly used for seizure prophylaxis in pregnant patients with preeclmpsia
Magnesium is used to treat preeclampsia, which presents with hypertension and proteinuria in the last 10 weeks of pregnancy. Magnesium toxicity results in loss of deep tendon reflexes, sinoatrial and atrioventricular node blockade, drowsiness, respiratory depression, and ultimately cardiac arrest.
what runs on top of spermatic cord
ilioingunial nerve
damage can cause loss of sensation on medial thigh and scrotum
L1
which nerve is resp for cremeteric reflex
genitofemoral nerve
female with G6PD … what is the mechanism of disease transfer
lyonization
This is the process by which one part of the X chromosome is inactivated (heterochromatin) and the other corresponding part of the second X chromosome is activated (euchromatin). If the activated portion of the second chromosome contains mutant DNA, then X-linked recessive diseases can present.
during which stage is chlamydia infectious
Elementary body extracellular
what develops into prostate
urogenital sinsu
neonatal chorioretinitis
toxoplasmosis
neonatal conjunctivitis on day 15 what is the pathogen and what can be the other condition caused by it
chlamydia
pneumonia
how can you diagnose chlamydia pneumonia in a neonaet
CBC will show eosinophilia
oocytes are arrested in which stage after ovulation
metaphase II
is early pregnancy a srisk factor for breast cancer
NO
late pregnancy is
patient’s serum α-fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated estriol, and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels are all low. The inhibin A concentration is normal.
edwards trisomy 18
a thyroid secreting ovarian teratoma
struma ovarii
