Renal pathology Flashcards
PKD1 and PKD2 gene mutation..?
PCKD
U+Es - 2 abnormalities seen in AKI
Raised urea and cr
Histology stains +ve for ANCA
Scanty Ig and complement staining?
Pauci-immune crescentic GN
Wtf is crescentic glomerulonephritis
Crescents = proliferation of cells in the Bowman’s capsule
How can immune complex deposition in the glomeruli activate inflammation? give 2 ways
- Complement activation
2. Fc portion of Igs stimulates inflammatory cells
What investigation can identify immune complex mediated kidney disease?
Immunohistochemistry
3 congenital disease of the kidney?
Uni/bilateral agenesis
Horseshoe kidney
Ectopic kidney
PCKD is associated with what other problem?
Berry aneurysm
Acute tubular necrosis - what is it?
Kidney inflammation due to ischemia or toxins
What drug predisposes to acute tubular necrosis?
NSAIDs
How does ATN affect GFR? give 2 mechanisms
- Tubule contents leaks into the interstitium
2. Tubule is blocked with casts –> pressure backs up so ultra filtrate can’t be pushed out of glomeruli
3 Causes of complex associated crescentic GN
- Pauci-immune crescentic GN
- Anti-GBM
- Immune complexes (inc SLE, IgA nehpropathy, post strep GN)
anti-GBM: what is the actual target here? what other organ is affected?
alpha3 in type IV collagen
Lungs –> pulmonary haemorrhage
which crescentic GN is associated with ANCA? how does this lead to glomerular damage?
Pauci-immune crescentic GN
Binds to neutrophil cytoplasm –> neutrophil activation –> glomerular necrosis
