Microbio - RTIs

Question 1

Compromises to the respiratory defences which increase susceptibility to infection?

Answer 1

• Poor swallow (CVA/EtOH)
• Impaired cilia (smoking, Kartegener’s)
• Abnormal mucus (CF)
• Dilated airways (Bronchiectasis)
• Immunosuppression - drugs/HIV

Question 2

3 results on investigations which point towards Strep Pneumoniae

Answer 2

Gram + cocci
Alpha haemolysis
Optochin sensitive

Question 3

Clinical features of Strep pneumonia infection

Answer 3

Severe, often lobar pneumonia
Rusty coloured sputum
Fever + riggers

Question 4

What factors may point towards the causative pathogen in pneumonia?

Answer 4

Travel Hx, season, epidemics, immunocompromised

Question 5

Which bacteria tends to be preceded by flu when it causes pneumonia

Answer 5

Staph aureus

Question 6

3 pathogens which often cause caveatting lesions on CXR

Answer 6

Staph, TB, Klebsiella

Question 7

3 most common causative organisms of pneumonia in 0-1month old?

Answer 7

GBS, E Coli, Listeria

Question 8

3 most common causative organisms of pneumonia in 1-6 month old?

Answer 8

Chlamydia trachomatis
Staph aureus
RSV

Question 9

3 most common causative organisms of pneumonia in 6mnths - 5yo?

Answer 9

Influenza

Mycoplasma

Question 10

Useful Ix in suspected pneumonia?

Answer 10

Bloods - FBC, U+E, CRP
Blood culture
sputum MC+S
ABG
CXR

Question 11

CURB-65?

Criteria for admission

Answer 11

Confusion
Urea >7
RR >30
BP <90 systolic, <60 diastolic
>65 yo

Consider admission if >2