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A-Level Flashcards on various topics > Microbio- zoonoses + prion disease > Flashcards

Microbio- zoonoses + prion disease Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of zoonoses?

A

Infections acquired from vertebrate animals

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2
Q

3 infections from rats?

A

Rabies, plague, Hantan viruses

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3
Q

5 infections from cats

A

Bartonellosis, Salmonella, Rabies, Q-fever, Toxoplasmosis

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4
Q

5 infections from dogs

A

Hydatid disease, salmonella, rabies, leptospirosis, ringworm

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5
Q

Small ruminants - 3 infections?

A

Brucellosis, anthrax, Listeria

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6
Q

5 infections from cattle?

A

Toxoplasmosis, bovine TB, E coli 0157, anthrax, brucellosis

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7
Q

4 infections from birds

A

Psittacosis
Influenza A
West Nile virus
cryptococcus

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8
Q

3 infections - Water sports associated

A

Leptospirosis
Hep A
Giardia

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9
Q

Brucella - what kinda bacteria is it? How is ti transmitted? Which animals?

A

Gram -ve aerobic bacilli
Facultative intracellular

Transmitted by consumption of untreated dairy.
RUMINANTS + PIGS

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10
Q

Undulant fever, spinal tenderness, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly +consumption of shit dairy

A

Brucellosis

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11
Q

Serology results +ve for brucellosis?

A

anti-O-polysaccharide antibody

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12
Q

Treatment of brucellosis

A

Tetracycline or doxycycline, combined with streptomycin

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13
Q

Negri bodies

A

Rabies

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14
Q

Rabies - serology? Treatment?

A

ELISA for specific IgM, or RT-PCR

Rabies IgG post-exposure

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15
Q

Plague - what is the bacteria involved?

How is it transmitted?

A

Bacteria = Yersinia Pestis

In rats, transmitted by fleas

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16
Q

Ingestion of unpasteurised milk –> fever which comes and goes + back pain.

Dx? Ix? Tx?

A

Dx: Brucellosis
Ix: - anti-O-polysaccharide antibody
Tx: - Tetracycline + streptomycin

17
Q

Which zoonosis is excreted in dog/rat urine?

A

Leptospirosis

18
Q

Painless round black lesions + rim of oedema

A

Cutaneous anthrax

19
Q

Rash seen in Lyme disease?

A

Erythema chronicum migrans

20
Q

Lyme disease: early stage of illness? Late stage of illness?

A

Early stage: flu-like, nerve palsies, arthritis, carditis

Late stage: encephalopathy, arthritis

21
Q

Tx of lyme disease?

A

2-3 weeks of doxy

22
Q

4 types of leishmania disease?

A

Cutaneous
Diffuse cutaenous
Visceral (Kala-Azar)
Mucocutaneous

23
Q

Diff between lesions seen in diffuse cutaneous vs mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Diffuse cutaneous: NO ULCERS

Mucocutaneous: ulcers in mouth/nose (mucus membranes)

24
Q

Vector of leishmaniasis?

A

Sandfly

25
Q

Prion disease - on which chromosome is the prion protein gene? which codon is important?

A

Chromosome 20

Codon 129

26
Q

which polymorphism is most associated with prion disease?

A

MM on codon 129

27
Q

Most common form of prion disease?

A

Sporadic CJD

28
Q

Disease course of sporadic CJD?

A

Rapidly progressive ataxia + amnesia + myoclonic jerks + LMN signs.
Death in 6 months

29
Q

Post mortem findings in sporadic CJD - give 2

A
  • PrP amyloid plaques

- Spongiform vacuolation

30
Q

In what form of CJD is tonsillar biopsy super useful?

A

Variant CJD

- Tonsillar biopsy is 100% sensitive + specific

31
Q

MRI shows posterior thalamus is highlighted. Which form of CJD is most likely?

A

variant CJD

32
Q

What polymorphism is seen in all cases of variant CJD?

A

MM on codon 129

33
Q

Typical course of symptoms in variant CJD?

A

Initially PSYCH: anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations

Then, neuro: ataxia, myoclonus

34
Q

WTF is Kuru

A

Papua New Guinea - exposure to CJD from cannibalistic feasts

  • Progressive cerebellar syndrome following 45 year incubation period
35
Q

Autosomal dominant inherited condition where insomnia and paranoia leads to hallucinations and weight loss and mutism

A

Fatal familial insomnia

A-Level Flashcards on various topics (69 decks)

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