renal other

Question 1

what is P-anca associated with

Answer 1

microscopic polyangitis- 95% of patients have it

Question 2

what is anti-P53 associated with

Answer 2

GPA- 65% of patients have it

Question 3

what is c-anca associated with

Answer 3

GPA (aka wegners)- 95% of patients have it

Question 4

what are anti-MPO antibodies associated with

Answer 4

microscopic polyangitis- 55%

Question 5

causes of Acute interstitial nephritis

Answer 5

the 4 P’s
penicillins
rifamPicin
Pee- diuretics
Pain- NSAIDS

Question 6

mode of inheritenc of alports syndrome and wht chromsome

Answer 6

x linked mutation in col45 gene

85% are x linked dominant - girls have 50% of getting it from their mother and 100% chance of getting it from father
boys have 0% chance of getting it from father and 50% chance of inheriting it from mother

15% are recessive -

Question 7

what is marker of extracellular fluid in the body

Answer 7

inulin

Question 8

what is a marker of plasma in the body

Answer 8

albumin

Question 9

there is more Na+ , cl and HCO3 in the ecf or the ICF

Answer 9

ecf

Question 10

there is mare K+ in the ICF or the ECF

Answer 10

ICF

Question 11

differential for renal colic

Answer 11

abdominal aortic anyruesm-Px as renal colic pain only in one side and with no history of kidney stones

Question 12

where in the nephron do thiazide like diuretics act

Answer 12

distal convulted tubule

Question 13

macula densa function

Answer 13

chemoreceptors: sense the concentration of sodium chloride in the convuluted tubules and the ascending loop of henle

acts locally on the afferent arteriole to constrict it (which lowers gfr). can also release nitric oxide to vasodilate. can also signal to juxtaglomelular cells to release renin

Question 14

juxtaglomerular cells function

Answer 14

baroreceptors found in the afferent arteriole walls. secrete renin.
macula densa can also signal to juxtaglmoerular cells to secrete renin