renal anatomy Flashcards
what ribs are posterior to kidneys
floating ribs 11-12
what vertebral level does the left kidney sit at
T12-L2
what vertebral level does the right kidney sit at
L1-L3
kidneys lie in what region of the abdomen
lumbar/flank/upper quadrant
how do they kidneys move on inspiration adn expiration
and why
move down on inspiration
move up on expiration
why: superior pole of kiney is in contact with the inferior part of the diaphragm. so when the diaphragm inflates it pushes the kidneys dwn and vice versa
at what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate
level of umbillicus
(L4)
where does the lymh from the kidneys drain
lumbar nodes
what is the name of the junction where the renal pelvis constricts to become the ureter
pelviureteric junction
how do the uereters run in relation to the illiac vessels
anterior to illiac vessels
at what anatomical structure do the ureters turn medially to enter the posterior aspect of the bladder
ischial spine
what level do sympathetic nerve fibres leave the spinal cord to innervate kidneys, bladder and ureter
T10-L2
where do sympathetic nerve innervating kidneys, ureters and bladder synspase
abdominal sympathetic ganglion which is located around the abdominal aorta
how do parasympathetic nerve fibres innervating kidneys and ureter and bladder, get there
nerve fibres for ureter and kidneys are carried within the vagus nerve
nerve fibres to bladder are carriec within the pelvic splanchnic nerves
common cause of loin to groin pain
calculus obstructing ureter
what vertebral level do visceral afferent from kidneys enter the spinal cord
T11-L1 (run along with symp fibres)
what vertebral levels do visceral afferents from the ureters enter the spinal cord
T11-L2 (run along with symp fibres)
what vertebrla level do visceral afferents from the bladder enter the spinal cord
superior part which touches peritoneum: t11-L2 (run along with symp fibres)
rest of the bladder: s2,3,4 (run along with paraymp fibres)
visceral afferents from proximal urethra pathway back to spinal cord
run alongside parasyp fibres back to spinal cord level of s2,3,4
somatic sensory fibres from remaining urethra pathway back to spinal cord (include spinal cord level)
run alongside pudendal nerve (which also containe somatic motor fibres) to s2,3,4
spinal cord level of visceral afferents from testes
t10-t11
(runs back with symp fibres)
parasympathetic effect on bladder
detrusor muscle: contracts
internal urethral sphincter (only in males): relaxes (paras inhibits it)
what stimulates contraction of internal urethral sphincter (only in males)
sympathetic nervous system
