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Year 1 Physiology > Renal hormones and autocoids > Flashcards

Renal hormones and autocoids Flashcards

1
Q

How can tubuloglomerular feedback help prevent excessive fluid losses if there is damage to kidney proximal tubules?

A

Constriction of the afferent arteriole

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2
Q

Which autacoids / hormones can dilate the afferent / efferent arteriole?

A

PGE-2 and PGI-2

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3
Q

Which autacoids / hormones cause vasoconstriction?

A

Angiotensin II, NE, vasopressin

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4
Q

Why do PG inhibitors cause renal damage?

A

Inhibit PG synthesis and cause vasoconstriction leading to ischemic kidney damage

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5
Q

Where is renin produced?

A

Kidney

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6
Q

Where is angiotensin produced?

A

Kidney

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7
Q

Where is aldosterone produced?

A

Adrenal cortex

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8
Q

Which division of the autonomic nervous system innervates the cells that produce renin?

A

Sympathetic stimulation of B1 adrenergic receptors on granular cells / renal baroreceptors

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9
Q

Where is renin released?

A

Secreted by afferent arterioles from granular cells of juxtaglomerular apparatus

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10
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on vascular smooth muscle?

A

Vasoconstriction

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11
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the adrenal cortex?

A

Increases aldosterone secretion

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12
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the efferent arteriole?

A

Vasoconstriction

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13
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on proximal tubule sodium reabsorption?

A

Retention - increases proximal tubule transport of Na by increasing activity of Na-H transporter

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14
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the thirst center?

A

Acts in brain to increase thirst

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15
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the release of ADH?

A

Acts in brain to release ADH

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16
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on sympathetic tone?

A

Acts in brain to increase sympathetic tone

17
Q

What is the effect of PTH on the kidney?

A

Stimulates final activation of vitamin D in kidney

18
Q

What is the source of FGF23?

A

Made by osteoblasts and osteocytes

19
Q

What are the effects of FGF23 on the kidney?

A
  1. Decreases reabsorption of phosphate 2. Decreases production of vitamin D
20
Q

What stimulates secretion of FGF23?

A
  1. Elevated levels of phosphate 2. Vitamin D
21
Q

Renin is released in response to what three stimuli?

A
  1. Decrease in BP 2. Decrease in NaCl in ultrafiltrate via macula densa 3. Sympathetic nervous system

Year 1 Physiology (66 decks)

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