Lung volumes

Question 1

What is the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) in equation form

Answer 1

ERV = FRC - RV

Question 2

Which lung measurements cannot be determined with spirometry?

Answer 2

RV, FRC, TLC

Question 3

Obstructive lung disease results in a dramatic increase in which lung measurement?

Answer 3

RV (air trapped in alveoli)

Question 4

How does restrictive lung disease affect the lung volumes and capacities?

Answer 4

All values are lower

Question 5

FEV1 / FVC reflects what in a patient?

Answer 5

Resistance to airflow

Question 6

Which relationship reflects resistance to air flow in spirometry?

Answer 6

FEV1 / FVC

Question 7

What is minute ventilation?

Answer 7

1. Total rate of air movement into and out of the lungs 2. Minute ventilation = VT x RR

Question 8

What is alveolar ventilation?

Answer 8

1. Rate at which new air reaches gas exchange areas of the lungs2. Describes inverse relationship between alveolar ventilation and alveolar pCO2 3. Alveolar ventilation = RR x (VT - Vd) 4. Va = (Vco2 x K) / PaCO2

Question 9

What is the relationship between alveolar ventilation rate and alveolar Pco2?

Answer 9

1. Increases in alveolar ventilation cause a decrease in PaCO2 2. Decreases in alveolar ventilation cause an increase in PaCO2