Digestion and absorption

Question 1

what compounds stimulate the release of amylase?

Answer 1

Ach and CCK

Question 2

which duodenal transporters facilitate monosaccharide absorption?

Answer 2

SGLT1, GLUT5, GLUT2

Question 3

what are the substrates for SGLT?

Answer 3

glucose, galactose (and sodium cotransport)

Question 4

what are the substrates for GLUT5?

Answer 4

fructose (channel)

Question 5

what are the substrates for GLUT2?

Answer 5

glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 6

where is the first primary site of protein digestion? via what enzyme?

Answer 6

1. stomach 2. pepsin

Question 7

what is the function of PEPT1?

Answer 7

moves small oligopeptides across apical membrane and is a cotransporter with protons

Question 8

what is the function of amino acid transporter B?

Answer 8

transports amino acids and sodium across apical membrane

Question 9

what is the primary site for lipid digestion? via what enzyme?

Answer 9

1. duodenum 2. pancreatic lipase

Question 10

fat is sensed by what cells in the duodenum? what do they secrete?

Answer 10

1. I cells 2. CCK

Question 11

what is the role of lipases and bile acids?

Answer 11

emulsification of lipids, formation of micelles

Question 12

what is required for activation of lipase? what does this molecule do?

Answer 12

colipase - anchors lipase to emulsified fat droplets

Question 13

what effect does disruption of bile acid synthesis have on vitamin absorption?

Answer 13

fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) will not be absorbed as efficiently

Question 14

where is the receptor for intrinsic factor?

Answer 14

ileum

Question 15

where is vitamin B12 stored? excreted?

Answer 15

stored in the liver, excreted in the bile

Question 16

what regulates calcium channels in the intestine?

Answer 16

vitamin D (at level of transcription)

Question 17

what makes up lactose?

Answer 17

glucose and galactose