Renal 2

Question 1

Autosomal dominant

Answer 1

Adults

Question 2

Autosomal recessive

Answer 2

Pediatric

Question 3

The most common renal cyst

Answer 3

Simple cyst

Question 4

Typical in patients with renal replacement therapy

Answer 4

Acquired cystic kidney disease

Question 5

Associated with increased risk of renal tumors

Answer 5

Acquired cystic kidney disease

Question 6

Lined by simple cuboidal or flat cells

Answer 6

Acquired cystic kidney disease

Question 7

The extra renal manifestations of the autosomal dominant PKD

Answer 7

• Polycystic liver disease.
• Mitral valve prolapse.
• Berry aneurysm.
• SAH.

Question 8

Mutations of PKD1 chr. 16 and PKD2 ch. 4 are associated with

Answer 8

ADPKD

Question 9

Mutation of PKHD1 ch. 6 is associated with

Answer 9

Autosomal recessive PKD

Question 10

Polycystin proteins are associated with

Answer 10

ADPKD

Question 11

fibrocystin proteins are associated with

Answer 11

ARPKD

Question 12

Regulates differentiation of renal collecting duct and biliary epithelium

Answer 12

Fibrocystin

Question 13

Sponge like appearance in cut surface of the kidney is a feature of?

Answer 13

ARPKD

Question 14

The commonest renal tumor

Answer 14

Renal cell carcinoma

Question 15

The most common predisposing factor of renal cell tumors

Answer 15

Smoking in 50% (then obesity 25%)

Question 16

The classic clinical triad that is seen in only 10% of RCC patients

Answer 16

Flank pain - palpable mass - painless hematuria

Question 17

25% of patients with RCC have radiological evidence of metastasis from

Answer 17

Lung (>50%)

Bones (33%)

Question 18

Hom tan brown solitary spherical

Answer 18

Chromophobe RCC

Question 19

VHL gene mutation is associated with?

• CCRCC.
• Papillary RCC.
• Chromophobe RCC.
• Unclassified.

Answer 19

A

Question 20

Loss of VHL gene leads to ……. HIF-1 which stimulates unchecked cell growth and angiogenesis.

Answer 20

Increased HIF-1 ( hypoxia induced factor 1)

Question 21

Hs bright yellow (lipid) usually with areas of grey white necrosis and foci of hemorrhagic discoloration

Answer 21

Clear cell RCC

Question 22

< 7 cm tumor which is NOT invading the Gerota’s fascia is class …….. CCRCC

Answer 22

Stage 1
( >7 cm= 2, extends to the major veins but not beyond the Gerota’s fascia= 3, beyond it= 4)

Question 23

Have abundant clear to granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (contains glycogen and lipids)

Answer 23

CCRCC

Question 24

Have VHL gene mutation, same as CCRCC

Answer 24

Multilocular cystic CCRCC

Question 25

Cysts are lined by clear cells with low grade nuclei are seen in?

Answer 25

Multilocular cystic CCRCC

Question 26

The 2nd most common type of RCC

Answer 26

Papillary RCC

Question 27

Which one have better prognosis CCRCC or PRCC?

Answer 27

PRCC

Question 28

Finger like projections of fibrovascular stroma lined by neoplastic epithelial cells + foamy histiocytes + psammoma bodies are seen in?

Answer 28

PRCC

Question 29

Have excellent prognosis compared to CC and papillary RCC

Answer 29

Chromophobe

Question 30

Abundant finely reticulated pale cytoplasm + thick cell membrane are seen in

Answer 30

Chromophobe RCC

Question 31

Perinuclear halo + large koilocytic nuclei (wrinkled nuclear membrane)

Answer 31

Chromophobic RCC

Question 32

Over-expression of TFE3 protein is associated with

Answer 32

MiT family translocation RCC

Question 33

Large irregular and eccentric nuclei and prominent nucleoli + central eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions

Answer 33

Rhabdoid differentiation

Question 34

Solid nests + Stroma often edematous hypocellular particularly in central scar + No papillae, necrosis, frequent mitoses or clear cells.

Answer 34

Oncocytoma

Question 35

Urothelial carcinoma can be diagnosed by

Answer 35

Urine cytology

Question 36

Exposure to amino dyes and schistozoma hematobium is associated with

Answer 36

Urothelial carcinoma

Question 37

The commonest pediatric renal tumor

Answer 37

Nephroblastoma (Wilm’s tumor)

Question 38

Associated with tuberous sclerosis

Answer 38

Angiomyolipoma

Question 39

Cartwheel arrangement is seen in

Answer 39

Angiomyolipoma