GIT 1 Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

Transmural tearing of the esophagus resulted from sever vomiting?

  • Mallory Weiss tear.
  • Boerhaveave syndrome.
  • GERD.
  • Reflux esophagitis.
A

B

“longitudinal tear = Mallory”

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2
Q

Basal zone hyperplasia + elongation of the lamina propria papillae of the esophagus

A

Reflux esophagitis

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3
Q

Esophageal varices lies in?

  • Mucosa.
  • Submucosa.
  • Muscularis.
  • All of the above
A

Submucosa

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4
Q

Arise from Barrett’s esophagus + occurring in distal 1/3

A

Esophageal adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

Arise from areas of squamous dysplasia + occuring in the middle 1/3

A

SCC

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6
Q

When neutrophils are present in the mucosa of the stomach this is referred to?

A

Active gastritis

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7
Q

Fovealar cells secret

A

Mucus

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8
Q

Surface cells secrete

A

Bicarbonate

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9
Q

The most common cause of acute gastritis

A

NSAIDs

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10
Q

The most common cause of chronic gastritis

A

H. Pylori infection

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11
Q

Hypergastrinemia + Achlorhydria + low serum pepsinogen are characteristics of?

A

Autoimmune gastritis

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12
Q

The commonest site of PUD

A

The 1st part of the duodenum “also the lesser curvature of the stomach”

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13
Q

Hallmarks of dysplasia

A
  • Variation in nuclear size and shape.
  • Hyperchromasia.
  • Suprabasal mitoses.
  • Stratification.
  • Lack of maturation.
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14
Q

Gastric polyps larger than ……. should be resected?

  • 1 cm.
  • 1.5 cm.
  • 2 cm.
  • 2.5 cm.
A

1.5 cm

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15
Q

The most common malignancy in the stomach

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma

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16
Q

Intracytoplasmic mucus vacuoles and eccentric nuclei

A

Signet ring call carcinoma

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17
Q

The signet ring cell carcinoma gives the stomach wall a thickened, firm appearance called

A

Linitis plastica

18
Q

If the signet ring cell carcinoma metastasize to the ovaries they are called

A

Krukenberg tumours

19
Q

The presence of dense lymphocytic infiltrate in the lamina propria of the stomach indicates

20
Q

Tumour composed of islands, trabeculae and sheets of neuroendocrine cells

A

Carcinoid tumor

21
Q

Salt and pepper appearance

A

Carcinoid tumor

22
Q

The most common mesenchymal tumour in the abdomen

A

GI stromal tumor “GIST”

23
Q

Fleshy cut appearance

24
Q

Typically composed of plump spindled cells may have epithelioid morphology

25
A component of gluten which may trigger a T cell mediated immune response
Gliadin
26
Almost all patients with coeliac disease carry
class 2 HLA-DQ2 or HLADQ8.
27
Increased intra-epithelial lymphoctytes, crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy.
Coeliac disease
28
Done to confirm the diagnosis of coeliac disease
Serology “ IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase”
29
The most common cause of esophagitis
Reflux esophagitis (GERD)
30
Variceal hemorrhage treatment
splanchnic vasoconstriction, endoscopic sclerotherapy, balloon tamponade or variceal ligation.
31
SCC of the esophagus is more common in? - Men. - Women.
Men
32
Foveolar cells secrete? - Mucus. - Bicarbonate. - Acid. - All of the above.
Mucus
33
Intraepithelial neutrophils + Subepithelial plasma cells + lymphoid follicles on the stomach
H. Pylori gastritis
34
Autoimmune gastritis affects
The body + the fundus
35
Hour glass appearance in Chronic PUD is caused by? - Bleeding. - Perforation. - Penetration. - Cicatrization.
D
36
Adenoma of the stomach is most likely in the? - Body. - Antrum. - Fundus. - Duodenum.
Antrum
37
Gastric adenocarcinoma is common in which part ?
Antrum + lesser curvature
38
Linitis plastica is seen in
Signet ring cell carcinoma
39
A tumor of the stomach composed of spindle cells
GIST
40
From where does the biopsy is taken in celiac disease?
2nd part of duodenum or proximal jejunum
41
Why does a patient with chronic renal failure might develop acute gastritis?
Uremia