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Pathology > GIT 1 > Flashcards

GIT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Transmural tearing of the esophagus resulted from sever vomiting?

  • Mallory Weiss tear.
  • Boerhaveave syndrome.
  • GERD.
  • Reflux esophagitis.
A

B

“longitudinal tear = Mallory”

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2
Q

Basal zone hyperplasia + elongation of the lamina propria papillae of the esophagus

A

Reflux esophagitis

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3
Q

Esophageal varices lies in?

  • Mucosa.
  • Submucosa.
  • Muscularis.
  • All of the above
A

Submucosa

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4
Q

Arise from Barrett’s esophagus + occurring in distal 1/3

A

Esophageal adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

Arise from areas of squamous dysplasia + occuring in the middle 1/3

A

SCC

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6
Q

When neutrophils are present in the mucosa of the stomach this is referred to?

A

Active gastritis

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7
Q

Fovealar cells secret

A

Mucus

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8
Q

Surface cells secrete

A

Bicarbonate

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9
Q

The most common cause of acute gastritis

A

NSAIDs

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10
Q

The most common cause of chronic gastritis

A

H. Pylori infection

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11
Q

Hypergastrinemia + Achlorhydria + low serum pepsinogen are characteristics of?

A

Autoimmune gastritis

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12
Q

The commonest site of PUD

A

The 1st part of the duodenum “also the lesser curvature of the stomach”

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13
Q

Hallmarks of dysplasia

A
  • Variation in nuclear size and shape.
  • Hyperchromasia.
  • Suprabasal mitoses.
  • Stratification.
  • Lack of maturation.
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14
Q

Gastric polyps larger than ……. should be resected?

  • 1 cm.
  • 1.5 cm.
  • 2 cm.
  • 2.5 cm.
A

1.5 cm

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15
Q

The most common malignancy in the stomach

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma

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16
Q

Intracytoplasmic mucus vacuoles and eccentric nuclei

A

Signet ring call carcinoma

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17
Q

The signet ring cell carcinoma gives the stomach wall a thickened, firm appearance called

A

Linitis plastica

18
Q

If the signet ring cell carcinoma metastasize to the ovaries they are called

A

Krukenberg tumours

19
Q

The presence of dense lymphocytic infiltrate in the lamina propria of the stomach indicates

A

MALToma

20
Q

Tumour composed of islands, trabeculae and sheets of neuroendocrine cells

A

Carcinoid tumor

21
Q

Salt and pepper appearance

A

Carcinoid tumor

22
Q

The most common mesenchymal tumour in the abdomen

A

GI stromal tumor “GIST”

23
Q

Fleshy cut appearance

A

GIST

24
Q

Typically composed of plump spindled cells may have epithelioid morphology

A

GIST

25
Q

A component of gluten which may trigger a T cell mediated immune response

A

Gliadin

26
Q

Almost all patients with coeliac disease carry

A

class 2 HLA-DQ2 or HLADQ8.

27
Q

Increased intra-epithelial lymphoctytes, crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy.

A

Coeliac disease

28
Q

Done to confirm the diagnosis of coeliac disease

A

Serology “ IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase”

29
Q

The most common cause of esophagitis

A

Reflux esophagitis (GERD)

30
Q

Variceal hemorrhage treatment

A

splanchnic vasoconstriction, endoscopic sclerotherapy, balloon tamponade or variceal ligation.

31
Q

SCC of the esophagus is more common in?

  • Men.
  • Women.
A

Men

32
Q

Foveolar cells secrete?

  • Mucus.
  • Bicarbonate.
  • Acid.
  • All of the above.
A

Mucus

33
Q

Intraepithelial neutrophils + Subepithelial plasma cells + lymphoid follicles on the stomach

A

H. Pylori gastritis

34
Q

Autoimmune gastritis affects

A

The body + the fundus

35
Q

Hour glass appearance in Chronic PUD is caused by?

  • Bleeding.
  • Perforation.
  • Penetration.
  • Cicatrization.
A

D

36
Q

Adenoma of the stomach is most likely in the?

  • Body.
  • Antrum.
  • Fundus.
  • Duodenum.
A

Antrum

37
Q

Gastric adenocarcinoma is common in which part ?

A

Antrum + lesser curvature

38
Q

Linitis plastica is seen in

A

Signet ring cell carcinoma

39
Q

A tumor of the stomach composed of spindle cells

A

GIST

40
Q

From where does the biopsy is taken in celiac disease?

A

2nd part of duodenum or proximal jejunum

41
Q

Why does a patient with chronic renal failure might develop acute gastritis?

A

Uremia

Pathology (24 decks)

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