Regulation of blood pressure

Question 1

What is a normal blood pressure and mean arterial pressure?

Answer 1

120 over 80 and 93

Question 2

Why does the baroreceptor reflex control BP?

Answer 2

It ensures blood pressure is high enough for sufficient profusion of blood in the organs
Prevents blood pressure getting too high and damaging organs like the heart, kidneys or retina
Can help during stress, increases blood flow when there is an increased physiological demand (exercise)

Question 3

What is the name of CIX?

Answer 3

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 4

What is the name of CX?

Answer 4

Vagus nerve

Question 5

How can the autonomic system reduce the heart rate?

Answer 5

Via parasympathetic stimulation; acts on the sino-atrial node with muscarinic receptors

Question 6

How can the autonomic system increase the heart rate?

Answer 6

Via sympathetic stimulation; acts on the sino-atrial-node via NA

Question 7

How can the autonomic system increase the cardiac output?

Answer 7

Increasing heart rate (sympathetic stimulation of SAN)
sympathetic stimulation increases arterial tone which increases the total peripheral resistance increasing the BP
Then the venous tone increases - lower capacitance therefore a greater preload increasing CO

Question 8

What is natriuresis

Answer 8

Removal of Na from the body

Question 9

What is the mechanism for the long term regulation of blood pressure?

Answer 9

Managing blood volume via natriuresis

Question 10

What type of receptor affects total peripheral resistance

Answer 10

alpha1

Question 11

What type of receptor affects HR

Answer 11

beta1

Question 12

What type of receptor affects SV

Answer 12

beta1

Question 13

What type of receptor affects cardiac contractility

Answer 13

beta1

Question 14

What type of type of receptor affects venous tone

Answer 14

alpha1