Introduction to resp physiology Flashcards
What is Boyle’s law?
The pressure of a fixed number of particles at a fixed temperature depends on the volume of the container in which they are placed.
Therefore pressure x volume = constant.
How are the lungs coupled to the chest wall?
Via the pleural membrane.
Like when youre doing the washing up and the plates stick together with hydrostatic pressure.
The transmural pressure increases (as intrapleural pressure decreases) when the chest expands in inspiration and so causes the lungs to expand with the wall.
What are the inspiratory muscles?
The obligate inspiratory muscles:
diaphragm, external intercostal, scalenes (ant, pos, medius)
Parasternal intercostal muscles
What are the expiratory muscles?
Internal intercostals
rectus abdominus
int and ext oblique
transversus abdominus
What is a pneumothorax?
When air moves into the pleural space; interpleural pressure then increases so transmural pressure drops and lung collapses.
What is vital capacity?
5500 ml,
difference between vital capacity and residual volume
What is tidal volume?
500ml, normal range of breathing
What is inspiratory reserve volume?
3300ml, difference between max tidal vol and max vol
What is expiratory reserve volume?
1700ml, difference between min tidal vol and min vol to breathe out
What is inspiratory capacity?
IRV + VT, 3800ml
What is total lung capacity?
7300ml
What is functional residual capacity?
3500ml, difference between vol = 0 and low point of VT
What is residual volume?
1800ml, vol left over when you breathe out all you could.
What is dead space in the lungs?
Airway volume with no gas exchange.
What is physiological dead space in the lungs?
PDS = Anatomical dead space + dysfunctional dead space
