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FBS2 > Haematopoeisis > Flashcards

Haematopoeisis Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of the blood is haemocrit?

A

42

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2
Q

Where is the primary site of haematopoeisis from month 7?

A

Bone marrow

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3
Q

What are totipotent stem cells?

A

Stem cells capable of producing all the cells in an organism

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4
Q

What are pluripotent stem cells?

A

Produces endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm.

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5
Q

From which kind of stem cell do all blood cells arise?

A

A common pluripotent stem cell

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6
Q

What is a unipotent stem cell?

A

Stem cells restricted to producing a single lineage incapable of cell renewal

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7
Q

What are haematopoeitic stem cells?

A

Stem cells that produce all circulating blood cells

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8
Q

What is the hierarchy of stem cells?

A

Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, unipotent, haematpoeitic

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9
Q

What is a multipotent stem cell?

A

Stem cell that divides in to multiple but restricted cell types

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10
Q

Describe the blood flow into, through and out of the bone marrow

A

In via the nutrient artery, then a radial artery which enters the cortex via the endosteum, then the cortical capillaries, then the endosteal capillaries, then a central sinus, then the emissary vein.

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11
Q

What is the precursor of a erythrocyte?

A

Normoblast

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12
Q

Describe the formation of an erythrocyte from its precursor

A

Normoblast, contains most of the hb but has mitochondria and ribosomes
After the nucleus is ejected it’s called a reticulocyte then RNA and organelles are removed forming the final rbc

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13
Q

From which precursor are platelets derived?

A

Megakaryocyte

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14
Q

How are platelets formed?

A

From megakaryocytes via thrombopoeitin

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15
Q

What are the types of leukocyte?

A

Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

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16
Q

What does PMN mean

A

Polymorphonuclear

17
Q

Describe neutrophils ability to divide

A

Unable

18
Q

What is the capacity of a neutrophil to synthesise proteins

A

Little capacity

19
Q

Give examples of inflammatory diseases in which neutrophils can damage healthy tissues

A

MS, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis

20
Q

What are uropods and pseudopods used for in the motility of a neutrophil?

A

They are lobes of the cell produced in response to a chemokine. The uropod acts like an anchor and pseudopods produced act as sensors which then move in the direction of an increasing chemokine concentration

21
Q

What is the life span of an eosinophil in the blood stream?

A

8-12hrs

22
Q

What are the functions of monocytes?

A

Defends against microorganisms
Removes tissue debris
Can trigger an immune response and secrete cytokines

23
Q

What are the two types of lymphocyte?

A

B and T cells

24
Q

What are the types of t lymphocytes

A

Cytotoxic and helper

FBS2 (37 decks)

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