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MRCOG part 1 > Recalls 4 > Flashcards

Recalls 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nerve supply to the ovary

A

T10

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2
Q

Which stage of oocyte development does the zona pellucida appear around the ovum

A

Primary follicle

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3
Q

What type of vaccine is HPV

A

recombinant/subunit vaccine

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4
Q

what is the most common SE of misoprostol

A

diarrhoea

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5
Q

Where is the allantois derived from

A

Endodermal epithelium

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6
Q

What is is the animal source of vitamin A?

Plant source?

A

Retinol

Plant - carotene

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7
Q

What does kallman’s syndrome involve

A

Loss of smell and azoospermia

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8
Q

Which amino acid instead of uracil

A

thymine

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9
Q

Which fetal organ dysfunction due to use of ACE

A

Kidney

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10
Q

What is the first sensation developed in the fetus

A

Touch

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11
Q

How does dabigatran work

A

Thrombin inhibitor

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12
Q

Where does warfarin act in the clotting cascade

A

On factors dependant on vitamin K

10,9,7,2

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13
Q

Which surface of the sacrum does piriformis attach to

A

The PELVIC surface

Not the lumbar

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14
Q

What are the phases of drug testing

A

1- safety
2-efficacy
3-long term benefit/compare with other drugs

FDA approved

4- available to buy

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15
Q

Describe a cross section of the umbilical cord

A
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16
Q

What is considered high risk for DS in combined screening

A

> 1:150

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17
Q

What are the high risk HPVs

A

HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59

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18
Q

Which group of viruses cause molluscum contagiosum

A

Pox viruses

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19
Q

how does ASA differ from ibuprofen and celecoxib

A

ASA - IRREVERSIBLE inhibition of COX1

Ibuprofen - REVERSIBLE inhibition of COX 1

They also both inhibit cox 2 - both reversible

Celecoxib is a selective cox 1 inhibitor

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20
Q

Episode of PMB with ET <4mm

A

Reassure, come back if further episodes

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21
Q

What is the aim for HCG rise to say if something is suspicious for an ectopic

A

> 66% rise.

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22
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage for the sigmoid?

Does it have a mesentary?

A

Yes it does hage a mesentary

inferior mesenteric lymph nodes, para-aortic and iliac

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23
Q

What is the half life of mifepristone

A

25-30 hours

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24
Q

Half life of lidocaine

A

2 hours

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25
Q

Half life ergometrine

A

120 minutes

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26
Q

How does finasteride work

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor - prevents conversion of testosterone to DHT

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27
Q

What is the final enzye involved in the oxidation of uric acid

A

Xanthine oxidase

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28
Q

Where do most of the enzymes involved i the Kreb’s cycle live

A

mitochondria

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29
Q

What is rate of uterine rupture during IUCD insertion

A

1:500

30
Q

What does a positive Hep B antigen mean

A

you HAVE the disease.

If you have Anti-Hbc it means chronic

You dont get AntiHbs until you have recovered

31
Q

What type of endometrioum has large and tortuous glands

A

secretor endometrium

32
Q

When is hairloss aka Telogen Effluvium most pronounced

A

after delivery

33
Q

Which stage of the mentrual cycle are natural killer cells highest?

Describe the ovarian and endometrial phases of the menstrual cycle

A

Highest at the end of the secretory phase

34
Q

Which structure in females is homologous to the prostate

What about the Cowper glands

A

Prostate = Skenes gland

Cowper = bartholins

35
Q

What is the rate limiting step in catecholamine syntesis

A

Tyrosine hydroxylase

36
Q

Where are most of the nerves location for a TAP block

A

Between internal oblique and transverse abdominis

37
Q

What type of structure are TSH/LH/FSH/HCG

A

Glycoprotein

38
Q

What type of structure are oxytocin/ADH

A

Nonapeptide

39
Q

LABEL THE DIAGRAM OF AN ULTRASOUND WAVE

A

Amplitude is up and down

Wavelength is peak to peak

40
Q

What are the 3 interactions with an ultrasound wave

A

Scattering
Absorption
Reflection

41
Q

Which ovarian cancer is associated with MMR (this is the cause of Lynch syndrome/HPNCC)

A

Endometroid cancer

42
Q

What can the choroid plexus impinge on

A

The arachnoid and pia mater

43
Q

When does adult haemoglobin start to get synthesised

A

??? Ask Rach

44
Q

Where is prolactin produced not under control of dopamine

A

maternal decidua

45
Q

What is meig’s syndrome?

What will you see on pathology?

A

Ovarian fibrome (benign) + ascites + pleural effusion

Pathology = spindles

46
Q

What is the commonest cause of sepsis in pregnancy

A

E.coli

then strep A

47
Q

Which organisms to type 2 pneumocytes utilize for surfactant release

A

lamellar bodies

48
Q

Most important complement in opsonisation

A

C3b

49
Q

What are clue cells

A

EPITHELIAL CELLS

50
Q

What is the pudendal cleft

A

Area between two labia majora

Vestibule is the area between the two minora

51
Q

Complete molar pregnancy + bilateral ovarian cysts with high HCG

What are the cysts?

A

Theca lutein cysts

52
Q

What are theca lutein cysts?

A

They are a type of functional ovarian cyst resulting from overstimulation.

Can happen in OHSS
GTD - from high HCG

53
Q

What is the most common side effect from PoP

A

erratic bleeding

54
Q

What type of drug is carboprost

A

Prostaglandin F2a

55
Q

What type of drug is misoprostol

A

Prostaglandin E1

Dinoprostone is E2

56
Q

Which layer of the endometrium is destroyed in ablation

A

Basal layer up to 5mm

57
Q

What does the new non invasive orenatal diagnostic test using free fetal DNA from?

A

placental cells

58
Q

What is the correct route for the round ligament

A

gubernaculum –> anterior surface of uterus cornea –> labia majora

59
Q

What is the commonest site of vulval SSC

A

labia majora

60
Q

What type of laser is neodymium YAG laser

A

Solid

61
Q

Which type of cells are phagocytic for the residual bodies left over from spermatogensis

A

Sertoli cells

62
Q

What type of ells produce:
PTH
Calcitonin
T3/4

A

PTH - chief cells
Calcitonin - C cells
T3/4 - Follicular cells

63
Q

Which chromosomes are capable of robertsonian translocations

A

13/14/15/21/22

64
Q

What is trichomonas vaginalis

A

Flagelated protozoan

65
Q

Do all CS get LMWH

A

Not electives! If they have no other RFs do not need

66
Q

How does protein C deficiency lead to thrombosis

A

Affects factor V and 8a

67
Q

Where does pain get referred to for:

Renal calculi
Ureteric calculi

A

Renal - lumbar
Ureteric - groin

68
Q

What is the unit of Ca125

A

iu/ml

69
Q

What is the embryological origin of oocytes

A

primordial germ cell

70
Q

How many hormone producing cells are lactotrophs

A

10-15%

They made up 20-50% in the AP

71
Q

Where is the anitomical location of direct vs indirect hernias

A

Direct = medial to inferior epigastric arteries

Indirect = lateral to inferior epigastric arteries

72
Q

What are the trophoblast cells that invade the lumen of the spiral arteries

A

endovascular trophoblasts

MRCOG part 1 (28 decks)

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