Reading Day 3/13 Flashcards by Luke Hayek

What is AA change in sickle cell?

valine for glutamic acid

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what is rx of aplastic crisis from Parvo 19?

IVIG

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name some causes of warm IgG hemolysis

CLL, SLE, lymphma and penicillin

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rx of warm agglutinin hemolysis?

steroids

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name some causes of cod agglutinin

EBV, waldenstroms, mycoplasma

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what is most accurate test for cold agglutinin disease?

cold agglutinin titer

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treatment of cold agglutinin

warm body and rituximad

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treatment of HUS/TTP

plasmapheresis

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what is atypical HUS?

HUS not from an infection

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what is rx of atypical versus typical HUS?

atypical is acolizumab

typical is supportive

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what is difference in myelofibrosis and myelodysplasia?

in fibrosis bone marrow isnt making anything…in dysplasia the marrow is hypercellular but still havepancytopenia

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which of myelofibrosis/dysplasia is a leukemia precursor?

dysplasi

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APML is associated with what

DIC

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what should be added to chemo for ALL?

methotrexate

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which chronic leukemia most frrequently transfers into acute leukemia?

CML

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APML is treated with what?

All trans retinoic acid

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CML is treated with what?

imatinib

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what is treatment of CLL?

stage 1-3 nothing..stage 4/5 fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab

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signs of hairy cell leukemia

pancytopenia, splenomegaly, dry marrow

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what is rx for hairy cell leukemia?

cladribine

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what is staging of non hodgkin lymphoma?

1-1 node group
2- 2 node groups
3- both sides of diaphragm
4- widespread

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what is rx of non hodgkin lymphma

cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin
vincristine
prednisone
rituximab

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hodgkin has what cells?

reed sternberg cells

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which of hodgkin or non hodgkin focuses around neck?

hodgkin is cervical

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what is rx of hodgkin lymphoma?

adriamycin bleomycin vinblastine dacarbazine

after female gets radiation for cancer, how soon should mammo be if not 50?

8 years after

what is MOST ACCURATE test for MM?

bone marrow biopsy

rx for MM?

dexamethasone and lenalidomide

rx of HIT

stop heparin, start fondapurinox or dibigatran then add warfarin

best test for aps?

mixing study

what is homnonymous hemianopsia?

loss of visual field on opposite side of stroke

what are sx of MCA stroke?

contralateral weakness/sensorry loss homonomyous hemianopsia aphasia (on left)

sx of ACA stroke

personality changes urinary incontinence leg weakness

sx of PCA stroke

ipsilateral sensory loss of face and CN 9/10 contralateral sensory loss of limbs limb ataxi

what is rx of SAH?

nimodipine, embolization, seizure ppx

what is normal ratio of RBCs to WBCs in CSF

1wbc for every 500-1000 rbcs

what is preventative med for cluster headaches?

verapamil

two seizure meds for pregnant patient

lamotrigine an dleviteracetam

what causes parkinsons?

loss of dopamine in substantia nigra

two meds for mild parkinsons

trihyxylphenidyl and amantine

list of meds for severe parkinsons

pramiprexole levadopa carbidopa tolcapone entacapone selegilline

what is mechanism of Selegillibne?

MAO inhibitor

rx of essential tremor

propanolo

two meds for ALS

edravone and riluozole

describe CMTD

loss of motor and sensory innervation

sx of CMTD

distal weakness and sensory loss, wasting of legs, decreased reflexes, tremor

rx of CMTD

nothig

test for CMTD

EMG

what is a significant complication of bells palsy?

corneal ulceration

what is rx of acute myasthenic crisis

IVIG or plasmapharesis

four findings in tuberous sclerosis

seizures shagreen patches/ash leaf spots retinal lesions cardiac tumors

what is rx of kaposi sarcoma?

treat the aids not the lesions

rx of seborrheic keratosis?

surgery or cryo but only for cosmetic reasons

rx of pityriasis rosea?

steroids and UV light

which of bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris incldes the mouth?

pemphigus vulgaris

which of bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris has positive nikolskysign?

pemphigus

rx of bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris?

steroids then cyclosporine/azathioprine

what is increased in porphyria cutanea tarda?

uroporphyrins

what is disease of porphyrai cutanea tarda like?

blistering skin disease when exposed to sun

what are some risk factors for prophyria cutanea tarda?

alcohol, iron overload and estrogen use

rx of SJS/TEN

stop drug and star IVIG

what is main difference in staph scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome?

well both caused by staph... and both have desquamating rash but toxic shock will have hypotension, renal dysfxn, liver dysfxn and CNS issues

how soon after ingestion can you do gastric lavage?

within 2 hours

patient comes in with AMS after pill ingestion and unclear what was ingested, what is best first thing to give?

glucose and naloxone

how many grams of tylenol is toxic?

8-10 grams

what is pH in aspirin OD?

slightly basic with acidosis

/rx of aspirin OD

alkalinize the urine with bicarb

carbon monoxide causes what acid base issue?

metabolic acidosis from lactic acidosis

what will o2 sat be in carbon mobnoxide poisoning?

normal

what to give in carbon monoxide posioning?

100% o2

how does blood appear in methemeglobinemis?

will be brown ish

what is rx of methemaglobinemia?

methylene blue 100% FiO2

what electrolyte abnormality increases risk of digoxin toxicity?

hypokalemia

what is rx of digoxin toxicity?

potassium control and digoxin specific antibodies

what to treat back widow bit with?

calcium and antivenin

what is lab abnormality in black widow bite?

hypocalcemia

what are sx of black widow bite?

abdominal pain and muscle pain

what are sx of brown recluse bite?

skin necrosis, bullae and blebs

rx of brown recluse bite?

debridement

why do you hyperventilate a patient with big brain bleed?

low co2 leads to vasoconstriction in bran

rx of malignant hyperthermia?

dantrolene

most common cause of death i hypothermic patient?

arryhtmia

what is HAPE

high altitude pulmonary edema

what are signs/sx of HAPE?

dyspnea cough weakness chest tightness, crackles, cyanosis, tachypnea and tachycardia

what is rx of HAPE?

oxygen, descent, and dexamethasone

what is first med to give after shocking in VF?

epinephrine/...then amiodarone

define pulseless electrical activity

basically have normal beating heart but not putting out any blood

rx of wolff parkinson white? 2 meds

amiodarone and procainamide

if patient has random runs of v tach on holter monitor, what should be done next?

electrophysiology studies to determine etiology