Day 1 Flashcards
what is main difference between schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders?
schizoid is a loner that prefers to be alone, schizotypal has weird thoughts and actions but isnt psychotic
what is therapy for chlamydia/gono cervicitis?
ceftriaxone and doxy
what is therapy for chlamydia/gono cervicitis during pregnancy?
ctx and azithromycin
what should be done for pregnant patients with cervicitis after treatment?
test of cure
how many symptoms of depression for diagnosis of MDD?
5 or more for more than 2 weeks
what is difference in chiari 1 and 2 malformations?
1 is just tonsils, 2 is tonsils and vermis
what is associated with chiari 1?
syringomyleia
what is associated with chiari 2?
myelomeningocele
what is vasa previa?
fetal vessels overlaying cervical opening
how does vasa previa present?
painless vaginal bleeding with ROM and fetal heart rate abnormalities
what is management of vasa previa?
immediate csxn
what uterine atony drug is contraindicated in HTN?
methylergonovine
what uterine atony drug is contraindicated in asthma?
carboprost
what is neurophysiology and genetics behind untingtons?
CAG repeats, loss of GABA neurons
what is second stage of labor?
full dilation to delivery
what are criteria for second stage of labor arrest?
3 hours of pushing without epidural in primagravida
2 hours of pushing in multi
what is preferred head position for delivery?
occiput anterior
what abx for lung abscess?
zosyn or a penem
what is management of suspected fibroadenoma in an adolescent vs adult?
adolescent you re-examine in 6 weeks, adult you US/mammo
what is persistent complex bereavement disorder?
persistent yearning for the deceased, with ruminative thoughts and dysfunctional behavior
what is age cutoff for primary ovarian insufficiency?
below 40
define primary ovarian insufficiency
no more periods at age 40 or less not due to another medical cause
what will levels of FSH and estrogen be in primary ovarian insufficiency/
FSH up and estrogen low
what is therapy for primary ovarian insufficiency?
estrogen…and if uterus intact then progesterone too
what are some causes of primary ovarian insufficiency?
turners, radiation, fragile X
what is test to determine primary ovarian insufficiency?
lack of withdrawal bleeding with progesterone challenge test
what characteristics of pancreatic cysts are concerning for cancer?
thickened epithelium, size greater then 3cm, includes main pancreatic duct, solid components
what is treatment of Vtach in stable patient?
amiodarone
what is age cutoff for HPV vaccines?
ages 11-26
who should get Hep A vaccines?
IVDU, HIV, Men with men
when does ACE cause creatinine rise?
3-5 days after initiation
homocystinuria shares body features with what other disease?
marfan syndrome
lens go up or down in homcystinuria?
down
lens go up or down in marfan?
up
what are classic findings outside of marfanoid body habitus in homocytsinuria?
developmental delay, fair skin and blue eyes, and cerebrovascular accident
what are findings of congenital CMV in brain?
periventricular calcifications, ventirculomegaly and microcephaly
what is GI finding in congenital CMV?
intrahepatic calcifications and hepatosplenomegaly
what are long term sequelae of congenital CMV?
sensorineural hearing loss, developmental delay and seizures
what TB med causes peripheral neuropathy?
isoniazid
what is treatment of bacillary angiomatosis?
erythromycin
what is mainstay of COPD treatment?
anti cholinergic and anti muscarinic meds, sometimes combined with beta agonist
what is treatment of post infarct pericarditis?
supportive only…no NSAIDs
what are three classic findings of wiskott aldrich syndrome?
thrombocytopenia (small platelets too), eczema and recurrent infections
what is issue in WAS?
cytoskeleton problem
what is treatment of WAS?
stem cell transplant
what are cutoffs for bacterial rhinosinusitis in kids for fever/symptoms?
fever longer than 3 days, recurrent fever, sx longer than 10 days
what is difference in brain calcifications from Zika and CMV?
CMV is periventricular, zika is intracerebral
what hormone is elevated in sertoli leydig ovarian tumor?
testosterone
what is treatment of sertoli leydig tumor?
surgical remobal
when do you treat GERD in infants?
if FTT present
what is rx of GERD in infant?
thicken food, consider antacids
what is rash of celiacs?
dermaitis herpetiformis
what is rash of IBD?
erythema nodosum
what increases murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
valsalva, sudden standing
what are signs of renal vein thrombosis?
abdominal pain, fever and hematuria sudden onset
what is renal vein thrombosis associated with?
nephrotic syndromes, specifically membranous nephropathy
what is best test for nephrotic syndrome
urine spot protein; creatinine ratio
what are the four nephrotic syndromes?
FSGS, membranous, amyloid, minimal change, and membranoproliferative
what is rx for tinea versicolor?
ketoconazole or selenium sulfide
what are the severe features of preeclampsis?
headaches, BP greater than 160 or 110, Cr 1.1+, platelets less than 100k, elevated liver enzymes
executive dysfunction is an early sign of what type of dementia?
vascular dementia
what are common SEs of lithium
tremors, nephrotoxic, leukocytosis, diabetes insipidus, `
soft and single S2 during inspiration is characteristic of what?
severe aortic stenosis
what 2nd gen antipsychotic often leads to prolactin elevation?
risperidone
in hypothalamic amenorrhea, what are levels of GnRH, Estrogen and LH/FSH?
all low
what is inheritance of becker and duchenne muscular dystrophy?
X linked recessive
what is inheritance of classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?
atuosomal dominant
what is clinical presentation of classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?
age 15-30 get facial and distal muscle weakness
what are some co-occurring issues in classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?
cardiomyopathy, dysphagia, testicular atrophy
garlic breath is a finding of what?
arsenic poisoning
what are findings in arsenic poisoning?
acutely get vomiting and diarrhea, then chronically can get stocking glove neuropathy and hyper/hypopigmentation
what is treatment of catatonia?
benzos
after d and c for hydatiform mole, what is management?
serial hcg measurement and contraception for 6 months
what should be given for afib in patient with WPW?
procainamide or ibutilide
what is treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patient with HIV?
ampho B then high does fluconazole then low dose fluconazole
what age and smoking status for AAA screening?
65-75, any smoking history
what is treatment of tinea capitits?
oral griseofulvin
what are findings of alopecia areata?
patchy non scarring hair loss thats not very itchy
what is treatment of alopeca areata?
intralesional corticosteroids
what is rx of narcolepsy
modafinil
what is CT head finding in preeclampsia?
bilateral frontal lobe edema
describe the difference in delayed and early sleep wake disorders
delayed basically means cant fall asleep at night and tired in am, early means fall asleep early and have morning insomnia
what are features of an amniotic fluid embolism?
shock, DIC, respiratory failure, coma/seizures
what is management of amniotic fluid embolism?
respiratory and hemodynamic support
what is second line therapy for uterine atony after massage and oxytocin?
trenaxemic acid
what amount of blood is considered massive hemoptysis?
600ml or 100ml/hr
how should patient with massive hemoptysis be managed?
get bronchoscopy for potential treatment
what heart issues can babys of moms with diabetes have?
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what happens to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in babies of diabetic moms?
will go away as baby gets to about 1 year old
what age does transient hypogammaglobulinemia occur?
6months
do infants with transient hypogammaglobulinemia respond to vaccines?
YES
scleroderma renal crisis can cause what heme issues?
thrombocytopenia, schistocytes, DIC or HUS picture
what are findings in menieres disease
vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus
