Day 1 Flashcards by Luke Hayek

what is main difference between schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders?

schizoid is a loner that prefers to be alone, schizotypal has weird thoughts and actions but isnt psychotic

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what is therapy for chlamydia/gono cervicitis?

ceftriaxone and doxy

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what is therapy for chlamydia/gono cervicitis during pregnancy?

ctx and azithromycin

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what should be done for pregnant patients with cervicitis after treatment?

test of cure

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how many symptoms of depression for diagnosis of MDD?

5 or more for more than 2 weeks

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what is difference in chiari 1 and 2 malformations?

1 is just tonsils, 2 is tonsils and vermis

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what is associated with chiari 1?

syringomyleia

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what is associated with chiari 2?

myelomeningocele

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what is vasa previa?

fetal vessels overlaying cervical opening

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how does vasa previa present?

painless vaginal bleeding with ROM and fetal heart rate abnormalities

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what is management of vasa previa?

immediate csxn

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what uterine atony drug is contraindicated in HTN?

methylergonovine

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what uterine atony drug is contraindicated in asthma?

carboprost

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what is neurophysiology and genetics behind untingtons?

CAG repeats, loss of GABA neurons

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what is second stage of labor?

full dilation to delivery

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what are criteria for second stage of labor arrest?

3 hours of pushing without epidural in primagravida

2 hours of pushing in multi

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what is preferred head position for delivery?

occiput anterior

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what abx for lung abscess?

zosyn or a penem

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what is management of suspected fibroadenoma in an adolescent vs adult?

adolescent you re-examine in 6 weeks, adult you US/mammo

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what is persistent complex bereavement disorder?

persistent yearning for the deceased, with ruminative thoughts and dysfunctional behavior

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what is age cutoff for primary ovarian insufficiency?

below 40

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define primary ovarian insufficiency

no more periods at age 40 or less not due to another medical cause

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what will levels of FSH and estrogen be in primary ovarian insufficiency/

FSH up and estrogen low

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what is therapy for primary ovarian insufficiency?

estrogen…and if uterus intact then progesterone too

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what are some causes of primary ovarian insufficiency?

turners, radiation, fragile X

what is test to determine primary ovarian insufficiency?

lack of withdrawal bleeding with progesterone challenge test

what characteristics of pancreatic cysts are concerning for cancer?

thickened epithelium, size greater then 3cm, includes main pancreatic duct, solid components

what is treatment of Vtach in stable patient?

amiodarone

what is age cutoff for HPV vaccines?

ages 11-26

who should get Hep A vaccines?

IVDU, HIV, Men with men

when does ACE cause creatinine rise?

3-5 days after initiation

homocystinuria shares body features with what other disease?

marfan syndrome

lens go up or down in homcystinuria?

down

lens go up or down in marfan?

what are classic findings outside of marfanoid body habitus in homocytsinuria?

developmental delay, fair skin and blue eyes, and cerebrovascular accident

what are findings of congenital CMV in brain?

periventricular calcifications, ventirculomegaly and microcephaly

what is GI finding in congenital CMV?

intrahepatic calcifications and hepatosplenomegaly

what are long term sequelae of congenital CMV?

sensorineural hearing loss, developmental delay and seizures

what TB med causes peripheral neuropathy?

isoniazid

what is treatment of bacillary angiomatosis?

erythromycin

what is mainstay of COPD treatment?

anti cholinergic and anti muscarinic meds, sometimes combined with beta agonist

what is treatment of post infarct pericarditis?

supportive only...no NSAIDs

what are three classic findings of wiskott aldrich syndrome?

thrombocytopenia (small platelets too), eczema and recurrent infections

what is issue in WAS?

cytoskeleton problem

what is treatment of WAS?

stem cell transplant

what are cutoffs for bacterial rhinosinusitis in kids for fever/symptoms?

fever longer than 3 days, recurrent fever, sx longer than 10 days

what is difference in brain calcifications from Zika and CMV?

CMV is periventricular, zika is intracerebral

what hormone is elevated in sertoli leydig ovarian tumor?

testosterone

what is treatment of sertoli leydig tumor?

surgical remobal

when do you treat GERD in infants?

if FTT present

what is rx of GERD in infant?

thicken food, consider antacids

what is rash of celiacs?

dermaitis herpetiformis

what is rash of IBD?

erythema nodosum

what increases murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

valsalva, sudden standing

what are signs of renal vein thrombosis?

abdominal pain, fever and hematuria sudden onset

what is renal vein thrombosis associated with?

nephrotic syndromes, specifically membranous nephropathy

what is best test for nephrotic syndrome

urine spot protein; creatinine ratio

what are the four nephrotic syndromes?

FSGS, membranous, amyloid, minimal change, and membranoproliferative

what is rx for tinea versicolor?

ketoconazole or selenium sulfide

what are the severe features of preeclampsis?

headaches, BP greater than 160 or 110, Cr 1.1+, platelets less than 100k, elevated liver enzymes

executive dysfunction is an early sign of what type of dementia?

vascular dementia

what are common SEs of lithium

tremors, nephrotoxic, leukocytosis, diabetes insipidus, `

soft and single S2 during inspiration is characteristic of what?

severe aortic stenosis

what 2nd gen antipsychotic often leads to prolactin elevation?

risperidone

in hypothalamic amenorrhea, what are levels of GnRH, Estrogen and LH/FSH?

all low

what is inheritance of becker and duchenne muscular dystrophy?

X linked recessive

what is inheritance of classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?

atuosomal dominant

what is clinical presentation of classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?

age 15-30 get facial and distal muscle weakness

what are some co-occurring issues in classic myotonic muscular dystrophy?

cardiomyopathy, dysphagia, testicular atrophy

garlic breath is a finding of what?

arsenic poisoning

what are findings in arsenic poisoning?

acutely get vomiting and diarrhea, then chronically can get stocking glove neuropathy and hyper/hypopigmentation

what is treatment of catatonia?

benzos

after d and c for hydatiform mole, what is management?

serial hcg measurement and contraception for 6 months

what should be given for afib in patient with WPW?

procainamide or ibutilide

what is treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patient with HIV?

ampho B then high does fluconazole then low dose fluconazole

what age and smoking status for AAA screening?

65-75, any smoking history

what is treatment of tinea capitits?

oral griseofulvin

what are findings of alopecia areata?

patchy non scarring hair loss thats not very itchy

what is treatment of alopeca areata?

intralesional corticosteroids

what is rx of narcolepsy

modafinil

what is CT head finding in preeclampsia?

bilateral frontal lobe edema

describe the difference in delayed and early sleep wake disorders

delayed basically means cant fall asleep at night and tired in am, early means fall asleep early and have morning insomnia

what are features of an amniotic fluid embolism?

shock, DIC, respiratory failure, coma/seizures

what is management of amniotic fluid embolism?

respiratory and hemodynamic support

what is second line therapy for uterine atony after massage and oxytocin?

trenaxemic acid

what amount of blood is considered massive hemoptysis?

600ml or 100ml/hr

how should patient with massive hemoptysis be managed?

get bronchoscopy for potential treatment

what heart issues can babys of moms with diabetes have?

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

what happens to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in babies of diabetic moms?

will go away as baby gets to about 1 year old

what age does transient hypogammaglobulinemia occur?

6months

do infants with transient hypogammaglobulinemia respond to vaccines?

YES

scleroderma renal crisis can cause what heme issues?

thrombocytopenia, schistocytes, DIC or HUS picture

what are findings in menieres disease

vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus