Day 16 Flashcards
what can amiodarone do to the lungs?
can cause pneumonitis
what is asherman syndrome?
scarring inside uterus
what does asherman syndrome cause?
amenorrhea, infertility, AUB
name some contraindications to breastfeeding
HIV, varicella, active TB, cocaine use
what happens to pupils with cocaine intoxication?
pinpoint
what are levels of phosphorus calcium and vit d in vit d deficiency?
phos low, calcium low, vit d low
what are phosphorus and calcium levels in hypoparathyroidism?
low ca and high phos
where does stroke lesion have to be to cause severe hemineglect?
non dominant parietal lobe
3 common drugs that cause drug induced lupus?
hydralazine, penicillamine and procainamide
two antibodies in drug induced lupus
anti histone and anti nuclear
rx of takayasu arteritis
steroids
what is cause of thrombocytopenia in SLE?
usually due to peripheral destrcution from antibodies
surfactant deficiency causes increase or decrease in surface tension of alveoli?
increased
what SSRI has really short half life? long?
short. ..paroxetine
long. ..fluoxetine
what eye change causes bilateral loss of central vision?
macular degeneration
two ways to manage patient with ruptured ovarian cyst
if stable can observe, if unstable need surgery
rx of headaches in pregnancy
acetaminophen
what is rx of allergic bronchopulm aspergillosis?
roids voriconazole and asthma control
hypospadias is urethra where?
ventral side of penis…on bottom
what is management of peripartum cardiomyopathy?
if patient stable, do echo and manage like usual HF
if patient unstable, deliver
do you give PTU/methimazole during postpartum thyroiditis hyperthyroid stage?
no…just beta blockers
what are sx of progressive multifocal encephalopathy?
paresis, ataxia, seizure, confusion
what does MRI of brain show in PML?
asymmetric white matter lesions without edema
signs of klumpke palsy
forearm supination, MCP hyperextension, wrist extended, interphalangeal joints flexes
what causes klumpke palsy?
C8-T1 traction
what can be associated with klumpke palsy?
horner syndrome
what happens to SVR and CO in hyperthyroidism?
SVR decreases…CO increases
pericardial friction rub is specific for what?
pericarditis
best test to measure urine protein excretion?
protein creatinine ratio
when patient has dysmorphic RBCs on UA, what should you be thinking?
glomerulonephritis
how do you diagnose atheroembolism?
can biopsy the purplish skin lesions and will see cholesterol crystals
name the drug classes that commonly cause AIN
penicillins sulfa drugs cephalosporins phenytoin rifampin allopurinol PPIs!!
what are some common causes of papillary necrosis
NSAIDs
sickle cell disease
anything that worsens kidney function when T2Dm already present
how does papillary necrosis present?
sudden onset flank pain, fever and hematuria
what is rx of papillary necrosis?
no specific therapy
which four causes of glomerular diseases have low complement?
SLE, strep, endocarditis, cryoglobulinemia
rx of goodpastures
steroids and plasmapharesis to rid of antibodies
what is only treatment that everyone with IgA nephropathy always gets?
ACe inhibitors
rx of polyarteritis nodosa?
steroids and cyclophosphamide
what are the kidney diseases you use steroids and cyclophsophamide for? hint there are 5
SLE PAN GPA MPA EGPA
is amyloid a nephrotic or nephritic syndrome?
nephritic
name the nephrotic syndromes
focal segmental
membranous
membranoproliferative
minimal change
focal segmental nephrotic syndrome is associated with what?
IVDU and HIV
solid organ cancer often leads to what nephrotic syndrome?
membranous
does phosphate go high or low in kidney disease?
HIGH
treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
HCTZ
hypernatremia corrected fast causes…
cerebral edema
what are some causes of pseudohyperkalemia?
hemolysis, leukocytosis ad thrombocytosis
triamterene and amiloride are what type of diuretics?
potassium sparing diuretics
what does insulin do to potassium
drives into cells
do beta blockers make potassium go in our out of cell?
beta moves it out
EKG findings in severe hyperkalemia?
peaked T waves, wide QRS, PR interval prolongation
does acidosis cause potassium to come in or out of cells?
out of cells
barter syndrome is like what diuretic?
loops, ow Na, low BP, high Cl, low K
gitelman syndrome is like what diuretic?
HCTZ….loss of Na, low BP, high Cl and low K
liddle syndrome acts like what issue?
excess aldosterone…low K, high BP, high Na
vit D deficiency leads to what phosphate levels
LOW
whatis urine pH in distal RTA?
alkalotic
what seizure drug can cause Distal RTA?
topiramate
what is rx of distal RTA?
replace bicarbonate
what is pH and potassium in type II RTA?
pH is variable and K is high
what is rx of type II RTA?
HCTZ
what is urine pH and potassium in type IV RTA?
high K and low pH
what is rx of type IV RTA?
fludrocortisone
two meds that help with stone passage? what size stone gets these meds?
tamsulin and nifedipine…5-7mm
two good options for hypertensive crisis rx
labetalol and nitroprussied
main SE of aromatase inhibitors
osteoporosis
is patient has elevated PSA but no palpable mass on exam, what should be done to further workup?
trans rectal US
when do you give adjuvant chemo in breast cancer?
if size greater than 1 cm or axillary lymph nodes are +
