Day 3 Flashcards
what abx for UTI in kids?
cefixime
what is rx of acute stress disorder?
CBT
what is duration of acute stress disorder?
3 days to 1 month
what is rx for pseudoe gout?
intraarticular steroids, colchicine and NSAIDs
what type of gout comes on with overuse?
psueodgout
two treatments for OCD?
SSRI and CBT
young girl with ovarian mass and precocious puberty likely has what tumor?
granulosa cell tumor
granulosa cell tumors produce what?
estradiol and inhibin
what is histology of granulosa cell tumor?
call exner body
what are clinical features of granulosa cell tumor?
precocious puberty, AUB, breast tenderness and post meno bleeding
what is genotype of androgen insensitivity syndrome?
46 XY
what sex organs does androgen insensitivity syndrome have/
phenotypically female but without female internal organs, will have cryptorchid testis
paravertebral mass in a kid
neuroblastoma
what is treatment of anti cholinergic toxicity?
physostigmine
what are signs of anti cholinergic toxicity?
confusion, hallucination, tachycardia, tachypnea, dilated pupils, dry mucus membranes
what should ED do for patient with chemical burn to eye?
wash with saline profusely
what is rx of minimal change disease/
steroids
what is pathophys of minimal change disease?
t cell mediated cytokine release that leads to podocyte effacement
postdural puncture headache is treated how?
will resolve on own, but if not can give dural blood patch
describe character of syphillis bump?
single ulcer with indurated borders and non purulent base
what is characteristic finding of lymphogranuloma venerum?
small shallow ulcers that turn into painful buboes
what are four cardinal findings of strep throat?
fever sore throat anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and tonsillar exudated
gray vesicles/ulcers in childs oropharynx, should make you think of what? what causes this?
herpangina…coxsackievirus
what is herpetic gingivostomatitis?
herpes in the mouth…which causes vesicles and pain and fever
what is main difference between herpetic gingivostomatits and herpangina?
herpangina is in oropharynx (posterior) and herpetic gingivo is anterior mouth and tongue
define PPROM
37 weeks or less rupture of membrane before onset of labor
what do you give for PPROM less than 34 weeks?
if fetus OK give abx and steroids, if fetus not OK deliver
what do you give for PPROM more than 34 weeks?
deliver
what are common complications of PPROM?
infection, abruption, cord prolapse, preterm labor
what are risk factors for developing PPROM?
genitourinary infection, prior PPROM
what is treatment of invasive aspergillosis?
voriconazole and capsofungin
what is classic triad of invasive aspergillosis?
hemptysis,chest pain and fever
decribe a case control study
take diseased and non diseased and retrospectively compare risk factor exposure
describe retrospective cohort study
take ppl with risk factor and without, and compare disease incidence
describ cross sectional study
take ppl with risk factor and without, and estimate disease prevalence
does case control study use relative risk or odds ratio?
odds ratio
dysphagia, jaw jerk reflex and tongue fasciculations should make you think of what?
ALS
what is a skin finding of amyloidosis?
peri orbital purpura
what can worsen graves disease eye issues?
radioactive iodine
what is MOA of 2nd gen antipsychotics?
D2 and Serotonin 2a receptor blockers
what is rx for anorexia?
nutrition and therapy
patients in preterm labor at less than 32 weeks require what drugs?
indomethacin
betamethasone
Mg sulfate
penicillin
why is mg sulfate given in preterm labor less than 32 weeks?
to prevent cerebral palsy
why is indomethacin given in preterm labor less than 32 weeks?
slow contractions
why is betamethasone given in preterm labor less than 32 weeks?
lug maturity
what is a complication of giving indomethacin in preterm labor?
oligohydramnios
what is an anatomic contraindication to IUD?
bicornuate uterus…big fibroids
baby thats 2-7 days old comes in with lots of bruises, what is leading diagnosis?
vitamin K deficient bleeding
what are PT/PTT and platelets in vitamin k deficient bleeding of newborn?
PT and PTT up, platelets are normal
what movement is limited in SCFE?
internal rotation of the hip
what are symptoms of central cord syndrome?
sensory disturbances of upper extremity and upper extremity weakness…not so much lower extremity since in outer parts of SC
who gets central cord syndrome?
elderly with pre-existing cervical spine degenerative changes
what are symptoms of ehrlichiosis?
fever headache myalgia chills and neurologic issues
what are lab finding in ehrlichiosis?
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes
what is rx for ehrlichiosis?
doxycycline
where is ehrlichiosis found?
SE and central USA
what is phenotype and genotype of mullerian agenesis?
46 XX, will have normal external anatomy but wont have uterus or cervix….will have functioning ovaries
what is most common presenting symptom of mullerian agenesis?
amenorrhea
early diastolic murmur best heard at left upper sternal border is what?
aortic regurgitation
what muscles does suprascapular nerve innervate?
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
what can cause suprascapular nerve entrapment?
backpack use
what are sx of suprascapular nerve entrapment?
shoulder abduction and external rotation weakness
what is treatment of P vera?
phelbotomy and hydroxyurea
what are topical antifungals for tinea corporis?
clotrimazole or terbinafine
does measles rash include palms and soles?
NO
what is prodrome of measles?
cough, coryza, conjunctivits and koplik spots
when does rash of measles onset? where?
2-4 days into illness, onsets at face and spreads caudally
what is treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis?
6wks of bactrim of fluoroquinolon e
what is first line med for a fib in hyperthyroidism?
propanolol
how does placenta accreta appear on US?
placental lacunae and myometrial thinning
what are two risk factors for placenta accreta?
vasa previa and previous endometrial surgery
3 options for malaria prophylaxis?
atovaquone and praguinil, doxy or mefloquine
infants with galactosemia have increased risk for what type of sepsis?
e coli sepsis
what are symptoms of galactosemia?
jaundice, hepatomegaly, nausea and vomiting, failure to thrive
what is eye finding in galactosemia?
cataracts
what are lab findings in galactosemia?
increased liver enzymes, bilirubin
low glucose
metabolic acidosis
urine reducing substances
what is management of seborrheic keratoses?
watch them…no reason to excise
what do you do with vaccines in premature babies?
give them as usual
what is antibody attacking in myasthenia gravis?
Ach receptor in post synaptic cell
does weaken worsen or improve with activity in myasthenia gravis?
worsens
what is treatment for myasthenia gravis?
pyridostigmine
what else should you check for in patient with myasthenia gravis?
thymoma
two treatments for altitude sickness
acetazolamide and dexamethasone
dendritic ulcers on fluroscein staining is classic finding of what?
herpes keratitis
what are sx of herpes keratitis?
pain photophobia tearing and blurred vision
what is management of polyhydramnios?
if patient is asymptomatic..nothing…if patient is symptomatic then amnioreduction
what are symptoms of a pinealoma?
limited upward gaze and upper eyelid retraction
headache, N/V
where does a flutter originate?
cavotricuspid isthmus
what are features of dyshydrotic eczema?
recurrent episodes of itchy vesicles on hands and feet
where does dyshidrotic eczema occur?
on hands and feet
what is rx for dyshidrotic eczema?
strong steroids and emollients
are sarcoid granulomas caseating?
NO
what valve area constitutes severe aortic stenosis?
1cm or less
