RAT20 Flashcards
Methylnaltrexone, Alvimopan, Naloxegol
peripheral mu antagonist; constipation/vomiting from narcotics
Lacosamide
Enhances slow inactivation of Na+ channel, modulates CRMP-2 to prevent aberrant formation of neural cxns; partial seizure prevention, neuropathic pain
Buprenorphine
mu receptor agonist, occupies mu receptor in reward pathway; narcotic abstinence
Lamotrigine
Stabilize inactivated Na+ channel; GTPC + partial and absence seizures, neuropathic pain
Codeine
PARTIAL mu receptor agonist; cough, SE: RNV
Clonidine
a2 agonist, reduces firing of CNS neurons under narcotic influence; narcotic withdrawal SE: sedation
Naloxone
opioid receptor (mu + kappa + delta) antagonist; narcotic overdose
Benzocaine
topical LA that blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel, barely soluble in water; mucosa, skin, patch
Celecoxib
reversible inhibitor, relatively COX2 selective; pain, inflammation, OA, SE: thromboembolitic events
Aspirin
irreversible, non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase; pain, fever, inflammation; SE: bleeding, peptic ulcer
Oxycodone, Hydrocodone
mu receptor agonist; postoperative outpatient analgesia, chronic pain, cough, SE: RNV
Thiopental, Propofol, Etomidate
Increase GABAa receptor fxn, GA (contraindicated in hypovolemia and porphryias/ reduces ICP and causes pain/ stable hemodynamics but causes myoclonus)
Vigabatrin
GABA aminotransferase inhibitor; GTPC + partial seizures
Ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, sulindac, diclofenac
Reversible, non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase; OA, gout attack
Meloxicam
reversible, somewhat COX2 selective inhibitor; pain, inflammation, OA, SE: bleeding, peptic ulcer
Acetaminophen
reversible inhibitor of COX2 in CNS; pain, fever, OA, but no inflammatory, SE: acute hepatitis
Clonazepam, Phenobarbital
Increase GABAa receptor amplitude/duration of IPSP; GTPC + partial seizures
Lidocaine, Bupivicaine
reversibly blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel; LA for intra/post operative analgesia
Fentanyl, Sufentanil
mu receptor agonists, highly lipophilic; pre/intra operative analgesia, SE: RNV
Ethosuximide
Inhibition of low threshold Ca++, prevent discharge of thalamic relay neurons; absence seizures
Pentazocine
kappa receptor agonist, partial mu receptor agonist; analgesia without euphoria
Methadone
mu receptor agonist, occupies mu receptor in reward pathway; narcotic abstinence, chronic pain, SE: RNV
Alprostadil
synthetic PGE1, causes vasodilation; ED, PDA keep open
Loperamide
peripheral mu agonist; diarrhea
Morphine
mu receptor agonist; postoperative/end of life analgesia in hospital, SE: RNV
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Zonisamide, Topiramate
Stabilize inactivated Na+ channel; GTPC + partial seizures, C,T: neuropathic pain
Tramodol
Partial mu receptor agonist + NE/5-HT transport; mild pain
Perampanel
Non-competitive antagonist of AMPA glutamate receptor; GTPC + partial seizures
Tetracaine
topical LA that blocks open and inactivated Na+ channel, ester; cornea + longest procedures
Gabapentin, Pregablin
Opposes synaptic adhesion, Bind y regulatory subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, reduce number of excitatory synapses; neuropathic pain and seizures
Valproate
Stabilize inactivated state of Na+ channel, inhibits Ca++, inhibits HDAC; ALL seizures BUT most teratogenic
Heroin
mu receptor agonist, DA reward pathway activation, SE: RNV
Sevoflurane, Desflurane, Isoflurane
GA, increase GABAa receptor fxn; inhalation anesthetic
Tiagabine
GABA transport inhibitor; GTPC + partial seizures
Nitrous oxide
NMDA receptor antagonist; mild analgesic effect, used to reduce requirement of other inhalational GA
Midazolam, Diazepam
Benzo; sedation, anxiolysis, amnesia before/during surgery
Levetiracetam
Binds SV2A synpatic vesicle protein, modulates excessive NT release; GTPC + partial seizures
Ketamine
NMDA channel blocker; dissociative anesthesia causes hallucinations and delirium
