RAT18

Question 1

Pilocarpine

Answer 1

muscarinic receptor agonist; contracts iris and ciliary muscle used for glaucoma

Question 2

Brimonidine

Answer 2

a2 agonist that reduces production of aq. humor and also increases outflow via uveoscleral route; used for open angle glaucoma

Question 3

Timolol

Answer 3

b2 antagonist; reduces aq. humor production; used for open angle glaucoma

Question 4

Brexpiprazole, Cariprazine

Answer 4

Partial D2/D3/5-HT1A receptor agonist (brexpiprazole),
Partial D2/D3 receptor agonist (cariprazine)
2nd gen antipsychotics with even less SE, except weight gain and type 2 diabetes

Question 5

Sumatriptan, Zolmitriptan

Answer 5

5-HT1B,1D receptor agonists
5-HT1B: vasoconstriction of intracranial-extracerebral arteries;
5-HT1D: inhibition of 5-HT, glutamate, CGRP release
Used for migraines, but can cause coronary vasospasm

Question 6

Tropicamide

Answer 6

muscarinic antagonist dilates pupils for examination

Question 7

Latanoprost, bimatoprost

Answer 7

prostaglandin F2a analogue, agonist for FP receptor, increase outflow of aq. humor via uveoscleral route; used for open angle glaucoma, can turn eyes and eyelids brown

Question 8

Bevacizumab

Answer 8

humanized monoclonal ab against VEGF, blocks bv formation behind retina; used for wet AMD

Question 9

Ondansetron

Answer 9

5-HT3 receptor antagonist used as anti-emetic

Question 10

Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol, Fluphenazine

Answer 10

D2-like receptor antagonists that block D2 receptors in mesolimbic pathway; anti-psychotics for schizophrenia, can cause acute parkinsonian motor signs and tardive dyskinesia

Question 11

Clozapine, Risperidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Ziprasidone, Aripiprazole

Answer 11

2nd gen, D2-like receptor/5-HT2 receptor antagonists, dual action intended to reduce adverse motor effects of older antipsychotic drugs; can cause weight gain, extrapyramidal side effects, hyperprolactinemia and agranulocytosis with clozapine

Question 12

Dorzolamide, acetazolamide

Answer 12

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reduces aq. humor production; used for open angle glaucoma

Question 13

Cyclopentolate

Answer 13

muscarinic antagonist; dilates pupils for dx of refractive errors in children