Antivirals

Question 1

Simeprevir

Answer 1

Hepatitis C; inhibits viral protease NS3/4A

Question 2

Oseltamivir

Answer 2

Influenza A+B; neuroaminidase inhibitor (must be given early); resistance prevalent

Question 3

Peramivir

Answer 3

Influenza A+B; neuroaminidase inhibitor; IV

Question 4

Grasoprevir

Answer 4

Hepatitis C; inhibits viral protease NS3/4A

Question 5

Emtricitabine (FTC)

Answer 5

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dC analog, chain terminator

Question 6

Etravirine

Answer 6

HIV; NNRTI/non-nuc, non-competitive inhibitor of RT; rash and hepatotoxicity

Question 7

Elvitegravir

Answer 7

HIV; Integrase inhibitors

Question 8

Lamivudine

Answer 8

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dC analog, chain terminator

Question 9

Dolutegravir

Answer 9

HIV; Integrase inhibitors

Question 10

Enfuviritide (Fuzeon®)

Answer 10

HIV; entry, binds to gp41

Question 11

Ritonavir

Answer 11

HIV; used as PK booster for proteases, inhibits CYP450

Question 12

Abacavir

Answer 12

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dG analog, chain terminator

Question 13

Didanosine

Answer 13

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dA analog, chain terminator

Question 14

side effects of nucs

Answer 14

mitochondrial toxicity, lipoatrophy, lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis

Question 15

Elbasvir

Answer 15

Hepatitis C; inhibits NS5A replication complex

Question 16

Valganciclovir

Answer 16

Pro-drug of ganciclovir, increased bioavailability

Question 17

Cidofovir

Answer 17

CMV, adenovirus, acyclovir-resistant HSV; dC analog same mechanism as acyclovir, NEPHROTOXICITY/TUBULAR DAMAGE

Question 18

Zanamivir

Answer 18

Influenza A+B; neuroaminidase inhibitor; Inhaled

Question 19

Raltegravir

Answer 19

HIV; Integrase inhibitors

Question 20

Efavirenz

Answer 20

HIV; NNRTI/non-nuc, non-competitive inhibitor of RT; rash and hepatotoxicity, psych

Question 21

Cobicistat

Answer 21

HIV; inhibits CYP3A4, reduces metabolism of HIV drugs

Question 22

Maraviroc

Answer 22

HIV; entry, CCR5 inhibitor, prevents gp120 from binding. resistance via CXCR4

Question 23

Dacaltasvir

Answer 23

Hepatitis C; inhibits NS5A replication complex

Question 24

Sofosbuvir

Answer 24

Hepatitis C; viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase inhibitor (NS5B); enzyme inhibitor as triphosphorylated form

Question 25

SOC for Hep C

Answer 25

Give drug course for 12 weeks, come back after 24 wks

Question 26

Tenofovir

Answer 26

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dA analog, chain terminator

Question 27

Valacyclovir

Answer 27

Pro-drug of acyclovir, increased bioavailability

Question 28

non-nuc resistance by?

Answer 28

single point mutation

Question 29

Nevirapine

Answer 29

HIV; NNRTI/non-nuc, non-competitive inhibitor of RT; rash and hepatotoxicity, used globally

Question 30

Stavudine

Answer 30

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dT analog, chain terminator because of absence of 3’OH

Question 31

Ribavarin

Answer 31

Hepatitis C; adenosine/guanosine analog via carboxamide group- leads to hypermutation of virus

Question 32

Paritaprevir

Answer 32

Hepatitis C; inhibits viral protease NS3/4A

Question 33

Ombitasvir

Answer 33

Hepatitis C; inhibits NS5A replication complex

Question 34

Acyclovir

Answer 34

Herpes simplex, VZV; dG analog- monophosphorylated by viral TK, then converted to triphosphate, chain terminator, CRYSTALLIZES IN URINE

Question 35

Nelpivarine

Answer 35

HIV; NNRTI/non-nuc, non-competitive inhibitor of RT; rash and hepatotoxicity

Question 36

Lopinavir

Answer 36

HIV; protease inhibitor, used with Ritonavir, once the most widely used HIV drug, causes insulin resistance

Question 37

Zidovudine (AZT)

Answer 37

HIV; NRTI/nuc, dT analog, chain terminator because of absence of 3’OH;

Question 38

side effects of HIV protease inhibitors?

Answer 38

GI upset, metabolic effects, fat redistribution, hyperlipidemia, similar to proteases in RAAS

Question 39

Ledipasvir

Answer 39

Hepatitis C; inhibits NS5A replication complex

Question 40

Atazanavir

Answer 40

HIV; protease inhibitor, causes bilirubin and rash

Question 41

Brancidofovir

Answer 41

Pro-drug of cidofovir; increased bioavailability

Question 42

Darunavir

Answer 42

HIV; protease inhibitor, used as last-line salvage therapy, when drug resistance develops

Question 43

Ganciclovir

Answer 43

CMV retinitis in immunocompromised; same mechanism as acyclovir, NEUTROPENIA