Hormonal Therapies

Question 1

Mifepristone

Answer 1

PR antagonist, prevent maintenance of placenta; abortion

Question 2

Raloxifene, bazedoxifene

Answer 2

SERM, ER agonist in bone, antagonist in brain breast uterus; ER+ breast cancer and osteoporosis, SE: hot flashes, thromboembolic disease

Question 3

Ethinyl estradiol, Mestranol, combined with progestin

Answer 3

ER agonist intended to suppress GnRH, LH, FSH; oral contraception, SE: thromboembolic disease, hyperaldosterone

Question 4

Ulipristal

Answer 4

PR modulator, suppress ovulation; emergency contraception

Question 5

Degralix (Firmagon)

Answer 5

GnRH receptor antagonist, stops T secretion; advanced/metastatic prostate cancer

Question 6

Urofolitropins

Answer 6

natural or recombinant FSH intended to stimulate oocyte development; assisted fertility

Question 7

Levonorgestrel, 3-keto-desogestrel, medroxyprogesterone (progestins)

Answer 7

PR agonist; IUD, implantation, depot injection

Question 8

Bicalutamide, Enzalutamide

Answer 8

Androgen receptor antagonist; advanced/metastatic prostate cancer

Question 9

hCG

Answer 9

natural or recombinant hCG intended to stimulate ovulation; assisted fertility

Question 10

Anastrozole, Letrozole

Answer 10

Aromatase inhibitors that prevent conversion of androgen to estrogen; ER+ breast cancer, SE: hot flashes, bone loss, joint pain, vaginal dryness

Question 11

Medroxyprogesterone, norgestimate, norethindrone (progestins)

Answer 11

PR agonist, prevent estrogen action in uterus; HRT in women with intact uterus

Question 12

Finasteride, Dutasteride

Answer 12

5-a-reductase inhibitors, inhibit DHT production; BPH, male pattern baldness

Question 13

Abiraterone

Answer 13

CYP17,20 lyase inhibitor, inhibits production of testosterone; advanced/metastatic prostate cancer

Question 14

Leuprolide, gosarelin

Answer 14

Long acting GnRH receptor agonists to prevent ovulation thru receptor downregulation; prevent premature ovulation in IVF, SE: bone loss

Question 15

Leuprolide (Lupron)

Answer 15

GnRH receptor agonist, downregulates receptors; advanced/metastatic prostate cancer

Question 16

Clomiphene

Answer 16

ER partial agonist in brain block estrogen feedback of GnRH secretion; infertility

Question 17

Leuprolide, Gosarelin (in breast cancer)

Answer 17

Long acting GnRH analogs to prevent estrogen; preserve oocytes during chemo in premenopausal women with ER+ breast cancer, SE: bone loss

Question 18

Ganirelix, cetrorelix

Answer 18

GnRH receptor antagonist to prevent ovulation thru receptor downregulation; prevent release of immature follicles and improve IVF

Question 19

Oxandrolone, Oxymetholone

Answer 19

Androgen receptor agonists; HRT, endometriosis SE: testicular atrophy, infertility, prostate enlargement, dyslipidemia, liver disorders

Question 20

CEE, estradiol

Answer 20

ER agonist; prevent post-menopausal symptoms, reduce osteoporosis, decrease CVD; HRT, SE: thromboembolic disease, increased breast/endometrial cancer if used without PR

Question 21

GnRH (gonadorelin)

Answer 21

Stimulate LH release, and induce ovulation; Infertility

Question 22

Tamoxifen

Answer 22

SERM, ER agonist in bone and uterus, antagonist in brain and breast; ER+ breast cancer, SE: hot flashes, thromboembolic disease, uterine cancer

Question 23

Norethindrone, norgestrel, levonorgestrel, norgestimate (progestins)

Answer 23

PR agonist intended to suppress GnRH, LH, FSH, prevent dysfunctional uterine bleeding; oral contraception, SE: weak androgenic activity

Question 24

Levonorgestrel

Answer 24

PR agonist, prevents ovulation; emergency contraception