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*Part II Supplemental > Random NBS notes > Flashcards

Random NBS notes Flashcards

1
Q

Lab for Myocardial Infarction

A

Troponin
CPK
SGOT
LDH

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2
Q

AKA for angina

A

cardiac ischemia

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3
Q

Risk test for inflammation of the arterial wall

A

CRP

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4
Q

Heart sound S1

A

AV valves

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5
Q

Heart sound S2

A

A&P valves

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6
Q

Auscultation points for heart

A 
Mitral = L 5th intercostal
Tricuspid= L 4th
Pulmonic= L 2nd
Aortic= R 2nd
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7
Q

1st and 2nd sign of heart failure

A

1st fatigue
2nd pitting edema
then check kidney function

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8
Q

Walking pneumonia in adult

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

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9
Q

Foul sputum

A

Bronchiectasis (chronic infection)

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10
Q

Rusty sputum

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

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11
Q

Currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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12
Q

Increased fremitus, dull percussion

A

Fluid: CHF, pulmonary edema, bacterial pneumonia

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13
Q

Decreased fremitus, HYPER-resonant percussion

A

AIR: emphysema, pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Pleurisy

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14
Q

Friction rub, normal xray, sudden onset

A

Pleurisy

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15
Q

+ Schepelmann

A

Pleurisy

Increase pain when lean away from side involved

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16
Q

Resonance percussion, normal fremitus

A

Asthma
Bronchitis
Pleural effusion

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17
Q

Pink Puffer (Ballon Lungs)

A

Emphysema

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18
Q

Blue Bloater

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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19
Q

XRay: narrowed mediastinum, flatten hemidiaphragm and ribs, increased intercostal space

A

COPD

Emphysema

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20
Q

Lipase Amylase test

A

Pancreatitis

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21
Q

Arterial disease skin temperature

A

Cool

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22
Q

Venous disease skin temperature

A

Warm

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23
Q

Arterial dx skin color

A

Pale

Cyanotic

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24
Q

Venous dx skin color

A

Normal

Rubor (cyanosis later)

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25
Q

Arterial dx vessel color

A

Red, tortuous

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26
Q

Venous dx vessel color

A

Blue, bulging

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27
Q

Arterial dx swelling

A

N/A

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28
Q

Venous dx swelling

A

Dependent (drains when elevated)

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29
Q

Arterial dx: Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

Present

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30
Q

Venous dx: Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

Absent

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31
Q

Arterial dx trophic changes

A

Hair loss
Thin skin (smoking)
Vit C

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32
Q

Venous dx trophic changes

A 
Hair loss
Stusis dermatitis (bronze medial malleolus)
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33
Q

Arterial dx pulse

A

Weak

Heavy legs=PAD

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34
Q

Venous dx pulse

A

Normal

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35
Q

Arterial dx valve incompetence

A

N/A

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36
Q

Venous dx valve incompetence

A

Present

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37
Q

Atherosclerosis cause increase or decrease of peripheral pulse?

A

Decrease

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38
Q

Male, lower extremities, smoker, VASCULAR CLAUDICATION, reversible

A

Buerger’s / TAO (thrombo angiitis obliterans)

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39
Q

Buergers is arterial or venous disease?

A

BOTH

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40
Q

Bounding pulse, lateralizes, dissecting, immediate tearing pain

A

Aneurysm (arterial problem)

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41
Q

LBP (low back pain), decrease aortic supply to lower extremities, impotency in male

A

Leriche’s

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42
Q

Coarction of the aorta …… upper BP and …… lower BP

A

Increase

Decrease

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43
Q

Barium studies (which organs?)

A

Esophagus

Stomach

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44
Q

Black urine

A

Alkaptonuria

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45
Q

Black urine is associated with what condition

A

ochronosis

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46
Q

Ketones in urine associated with

A

DM, starvation

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47
Q

Glucose in urine associated with

A

DM, shock

48
Q

Frank blood in stool associated with

A

Lower GI

49
Q

Occult blood in stool associated with

A

Upper GI

GUAIAC test

50
Q

Orange Urine

A

B Vitamins

51
Q

Green Urine

A

Bilirubin

52
Q

Red Urine, upper or lower tract?

A

Lower tract RBC

53
Q

Smoky Urine, upper or lower tract?

A

Upper tract RBC

54
Q

Stray/ Gray/ Clay color stool associated with

A

Biliary obstruction

Check: GB, Pancreas, Liver

55
Q

Lab test for kidney

A

BUN (Increase)
Creatinine (best)
Albumin globulin
UA

56
Q

Lab test for Liver

A 
BUN (decrease)
GGT
SGPT-ALT
LDH (tissue destruction)
Bilirubin
Albumin globulin
57
Q

Downey cells

A

Mono

Atypical lymphocyte

58
Q

Paul Bunnell

Heterophile agglutination

A

Mono lab test

59
Q

Increase potassium lab

A

Addison’s (hypoadrenocorticoids)

Renal failure

60
Q

Decrease potassium lab

A

Vomit
Diarrhea
Diuretics

61
Q

What test measures electrical impulse in the brain?

Used for seizure

A

EEG

62
Q

Dye injected to ouline KUB system, which then identify obstruction. Used for kidney stone.

A

IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram)

63
Q

IVP AKA

A

Helical CT

64
Q

Culdoscopy

A

To view female pelvis, used for ovarian tumo

65
Q

To see the size of heart chambers. Used for valve competency, CHF, AAA

A

Echocardiogram

66
Q

Diagnostic ultrasound is used for

A

Water densities

Aorta, pregnancy, bladder, VESSELS

67
Q

Inject dye to subarachnoid space, provocation. Use for lateral recess

A

Myelogram

68
Q

PNE, CNS, Radiculopathy special tests

A

EMG (muscle reaction)

Dynamometer/ grip strength (muscle strength)

69
Q

Best test to visualize disc leasion - discopathy

A

Discogram – in neurosurgeon office

70
Q

PET Scan purpose and condition

A

Metabolic activity in soft tissue

Lymph and breast cancer

71
Q

Bone Scan/ Scintigraphy purpose and condition

A

Metabolic activity in bone

Lytic and blastic mets

72
Q

MRI purpose

A 
Soft tissue (spine)
Vascular patterns
73
Q

MRI condition

A 
Disc
Nerve
Brain
Stroke
Joint
Healing
74
Q

CAT/ SPECT/ CT Purpose

A

Hard tissue (spine)

75
Q

CAT/ SPECT/ CT condition

A

stenosis
fracture
bleeding (BLOOD)
lungs

76
Q

Barium studies purpose and condition

A

To view lumen of GI tract

Ulcers - esophagus and stomach condition

77
Q

Cardiac stress test condition

A

Claudication, heart pain

78
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

Rash in eyelid and knuckles

79
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Flaky, irregular, bleeding

80
Q

Erythema migrans

A

Lyme disease

Central clearing

81
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

Inflmmation of hair follicle, forehead, cheek, nose, chin

82
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

hard, precancerous

83
Q

Cellulitis

A

Staph/strep infection

ER!

84
Q

Spoon nail (Koilonychea)

A

Iron deficiency

Fungus

85
Q

Pitted nail is associated with

A

Psoriasis

86
Q

Vertical lines on nail

A

aka spinter hemorrhage (SBE)

- valve (heart) problem

87
Q

Transverse grooves or lines on nails

A

Systemic disease

Beau’s line

88
Q

Clubbing of nail is associated with

A 
COPD
Arthritis
Cancer
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
CHF
RA
89
Q

In older patients. Localized headache with increase ESR, associated with polymyalgia rheumatica, HTN, fever.
Confirmation test aspiration biopsy

A

Temporal arteritis

90
Q

MC lung diease in elderly

A

Bacterial pneumonia

91
Q

Referral for tempral arteritis

A

Ophthalmologist

92
Q

Shuffling gait, resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, bradykinesia are symptoms of…

A

Parkinsons

93
Q

What condition cause Shepherd’s crook deformity

A 
Fibrous dysplasia (also saber shin)
Paget
94
Q

Picture frame vertebra, bowing deformity, bone expansion, cortical thickening

A

Paget/ osteitis deformans

95
Q

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism AKA

A

Renal osteodystrophy

96
Q

Radiographic signs associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Rugger Jersey
Salth and pepper skull
Radial finger erosion
Vessel might calcified

97
Q

Sandwich vertebra is associated with what condition?

A

Osteopetrosis (calcified cartilage causing unusually dense bone)

98
Q

Pallegrini steida (from trauma, may reabsorb) management. Adjust or no?

A

Don’t adjust right away, wait until completely healed or after surgery

99
Q

Vessel calcification on xray is associated with what condition

A

Hypertension
Hyperparathyroidism/ Renal osteodystrophy
Prog. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)

100
Q

Silouette sign is associated wtih

A

Bacterial pneumonia

101
Q

Clay Shoveler’s fracture

A

Avulsion fracture at C6-T1

102
Q

Multiple block vertebra in the cervical

A

Klippel feil

103
Q

Undecended scapula

A

Sprengel’s deformity

104
Q

Napoleon’s hat/ Brailsford bow is associated with

A

Spondyloptosis

Don’t adjust

105
Q

Spondylolisthesis MC location

A

L5

106
Q

Spondy MC type

A

Isthmic (broken early in life from falling)

107
Q

MC degenerative spondy level

A

L4

108
Q

Spondy Type I

A

Dysplastic (congenital defect in pars)

109
Q

Spondy Type II

A

Isthmic

110
Q

Spondy Type III

A

Degenerative

111
Q

Spondy Type IV

A

Traumatic

112
Q

Spondy Type V

A

Pathological - disease causing pars defect

113
Q

Spondy Type VI

A

Latrogenic - treatment induced

114
Q

Spondy Type VII

A

Pending - Increased sacral base angle
Sagittal facets, trapezoid vertebra
Xray, MRI

115
Q

Most common fracture

A

Clavicle

*Part II Supplemental (28 decks)

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