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*Part II Supplemental > Fractures > Flashcards

Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

Portion of bone torn away by muscle or ligament, tractional force

A

Avulsion fracture

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2
Q

A fracture with more than two fragments

A

Comminuted fracture

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3
Q

Displacement or separation of a slightly movable joint

A

Diastasis

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4
Q

Skin ruptured and bone exposed

A

Compound/ open fracture

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5
Q

Incomplete fracture in children

A

Greenstick/ hictory stick

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6
Q

Bone fragments driven into one another

A

Impaction fracture

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7
Q

Incomplete fracture, one side of cortex is affected

A

Torus/ Buckling fracture

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8
Q

Clinically evident but not seen on xray. May become evident a week to 10 days later

A

Occult fracture

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9
Q

Insufficiency or repetitive stress causing fracture

A

Stress/ fatigue fracture

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10
Q

Fracture of 1st metacarpal

A

Bennet’s

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11
Q

Fracture of 2nd or 3rd metacarpal

A

Boxers

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12
Q

Fracture of 4th and 5th metacarpal

A

Bar room

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13
Q

MC fractured carpal bone

A

Scaphoid

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14
Q

Fracture of proximal ulna

A

Nightstick

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15
Q

Fractured ulna with radial head displacement

A

Monteggia

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16
Q

Fracture of distal 1/3 of radius with dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint

A

Galeazzi

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17
Q

Fracture of distal radius with posterior displacement of the distal fragment

A

Colles

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18
Q

Fracture of distal radius with anterior displacement of distal fragment

A

Smith’s

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19
Q

Stress fracture of the 2nd,3rd,4th metatarsals

A

March

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20
Q

Transverse fracture at the proximal 5th metatarsals

A

Jones

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21
Q

Avulsion fracture of the spinous process MC C6-T1. HYPERFLEXION INJURY

A

Clay Shovelers

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22
Q

Bilateral pedicle fracture of C2 due to HYPER-EXTENSION INJURY

A

Hangman’s

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23
Q

Fracture through the anterior and posterior arches of atlas due to axial compression

A

Jefferson Bursting

24
Q

Odontoid Fracture Type I

A

Avulsion of the tip of dens

25
Q

Odontoid Fracture Type II

A

Fracture through the base of the dens

26
Q

Odontoid Fracture Type III

A

Fracture through the body of C2

27
Q

Avulsion of the anterior inferior aspect of the vertebral body from hyperextension trauma.

A

Teardrop fracture

28
Q

Associated with cervical cord syndrome

A

Teardrop fracture

29
Q

Teardrop fracture MC location

A

C2 (Alwas on C4 on part III)

30
Q

Teardrop fracture management

A

ER! Hard collar

31
Q

Fracture through any open growth plate

A

Salter Harris

32
Q

Salter Harris Type I

A

Horizontal fracture through the growth plate

33
Q

Salter Harris Type II

A

Growth plate and metaphysis

34
Q

Salter Harris Type III

A

Growth plate and epihysis

35
Q

Salter Harris Type IV

A

Growth plate, meta and epi physis

36
Q

Salter Harris Type V

A

Compression deformity of growth plate

37
Q

MC Salter Harris

A

Type II

38
Q

Most Severe Salter Harris

A

Type V

39
Q

Tibial apophysitis, Age 10-16, pinpoint pain and swelling

A

Osgood schlatter

40
Q

Brace for osgood schlatter

A

Cho-pat

41
Q

Avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity

A

Rider’s Bone

42
Q

Horizontal fracture through a single body and posterior arch. MC L1-L3

A

Chance aka Seatbelt

43
Q

Fracture through the pars interarticularis without slippage

A

Spondylo-lysis

44
Q

Slippage of the vertebral body with or without fracture

A

Spondylolisthesis

45
Q

Spondylolisthesis Type I

A

Dysplastic - congenital defect

46
Q

Spondylolisthesis Type II

A

Isthmic - Fracture through the pars
Broken early in life
MC at L5

47
Q

Spondylolisthesis Type III

A

Degenerative - DJD of the facet joint

MC at L4

48
Q

Spondylolisthesis Type IV

A

Traumatic - fracture through the pedicle/ could be lamina

49
Q

Spondylolisthesis Type V

A

Pathological - pathology on that segment

50
Q

Spondy Grading Scale

A

Meyerding (degrees of anterior translation)

51
Q

Spondy grade I

A

Up to 25%

52
Q

Spondy grade II

A

26-50 %

53
Q

Spondy grade III

A

51-75%

54
Q

Spondy grade IV

A

76-100%

55
Q

WHich grade of spondy to not adjust

A

3&4

56
Q

Grade 3 or more is associated with what radiology sign?

A

Inverted napoleon hat/ BRailfords bow

57
Q

Spondy management

A

Flexion and extension radiograph for stability

Special test: SPECT

*Part II Supplemental (28 decks)

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