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*Part II Supplemental > NBS II Radiology > Flashcards

NBS II Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

Line of mensuration: From the hard palate to the posterior foramen magnum (opisthion)

A

Chamberlein’s

(Basilar Invagination) if odontoid is >7mm above this line.

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2
Q

Line of mensuration: From the hard palate to the base of occiput

A

McGreggor’s - most accurate for basilar invagination

(Basilar invagination) if >8mm in male and >10 mm in female

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3
Q

Line of mensuration: From nasion to the sella to foramen magnum (Line is drawn from nasion to center of sella, and a line is drawn from basion(ant f.magnum ) to sella)

A

Martin’s Basilar Angle

Arnold Chiari, Platysbasia if angle is > 152

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4
Q

Line of mensuration: From anterior foramen magnum (basion) to posterior foramen magnum (opisthion)

A

McRae’s Line

If the occipital bone is above this line, this indicates basilar impression

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5
Q

Line of mensuration: Jackson’s Stress Line

A

Posterior body of C2 - Post body of C7
Flexion should intersect at C5/6
Extension should intersect at C4/5

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6
Q

Line of mensuration: Spinolaminar Line

A

Anterior aspect of SP’s (post spinal canal)

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7
Q

Line of mensuration: George’s Line

A 
Post aspect of body (ant spinal canal)
upper cervical: 22
cervical: 12
Lumbar: 15
Discontinues line may indicate AP vertebral malposition
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8
Q

Line of mensuration: EISSENSTEIN’S (Sagittal Canal Measurement)

A

Line drawn to connect the tips of superior and inferior articular processes. Distance to posterior body margin at midpoint is measured. (<15 mm is spinal canal stenosis)
Canal’s body ratio (2:1 good 4:1 bad)

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9
Q

Line of mensuration: to measure facet lines (3)

A

MCNAB line - facet imbrication
Van Akkerveeken’s - hyperextension prediction
Hadley’s S curve (alignment)

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10
Q

Line of mensuration: McNab

A

A parallel line is drawn accross the inferior endplate.
If the line intersects with the superior articular process of the vertebra below, extension malposition is suspected (hyperlordosis)

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11
Q

Line of mensuration: Ferguson’s line (lumbar gravity line)

Anterior

A

From the body of L3
Anterior sacrum line - Hyperlordosis, increase shearing
Anterior weight bearing

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12
Q

Line of mensuration: Ferguson’s line (lumbar gravity line) Posterior

A

Posterior sacrum line - Hypolorosis, Increase weight on sacrum
Posterior weight bearing

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13
Q

Line of mensuration: Lumbosacral angle (AKA Ferguson Angle AKA Sacral Base Angle)

A

Oblique line drawn through and parallel to the sacral base. Horizontal line parallel to the bottom edge of the film.
< 35 - 45 degrees (40 +-15)

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14
Q

Line of mensuration: SALTER Harris

A 
I Plate
II Plate, Meta
III Plate, Epi
IV Oblique (plate, meta, epi)
V Compression
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15
Q

Line of mensuration: Scoliosis protocol for care

A

0-20 = adjust
20-40 = brace
>40 = surgery
> 50= cardiopulmonary compromise

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16
Q

Line of mensuration: KOHLER’s

A 
Line is drawn along the pelvic inlet to the outer aspect of the obturator foramen.
Acetabular protrusion (Walstrum teardrop)
Bilateral = Paget, RA
Unilateral = Infection, OA
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17
Q

Line of mensuration: Klein’s

A

Line drawn along the outer margin of the femoral neck.

SCFE

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18
Q

Line of mensuration: Skinner’s

A

A line is drawn through and parallel to the femoral shaft. A perpendicular line is drawn tangential to the tip of greater trochanter.
Paget
The fovea capitus should lie above or at the level of the trochanter line. If below, indicates fracture or coxa vara.

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19
Q

Line of mensuration: Femoral angle (AKA McKulicz)

A

Two lines are drawn through and parallel to the mid axis of the femoral shaft and neck.
Coxa Vara < 120
Coxa Valgus > 130

20
Q

Line of mensuration: Boehler’s angle

A

<20 - calcaneal fracture

>20 - 40 = normal

21
Q

KVP controls …. whereas MaS controls ….

A

contrast

density

22
Q

Low Kvp

A

Hight contrast

Few shades, LOW SCALE

23
Q

Hight Kvp

A

Low contrast

Tons of shades, HIGH SCALE

24
Q

To increase detail, how to alter FFD, OFD, screen, focal spot

A

Increase FFD, decrease OFD
Small crystals screen
small focal spot

25
Q

Spondylolisthesis is MC in

A

L5

26
Q

Spondylolisthesis I

A

Dysplastic - Congenital abnormality

27
Q

Spondylolisthesis II

A

Isthmic pars alteration

28
Q

Spondylolisthesis III

A

Degenerative (L4 MC)

29
Q

Spondylolisthesis IV

A

Traumatic - fracture other than pars

30
Q

Spondylolisthesis V

A

Pathological - associated with disease

31
Q

Spondylolisthesis VI

A

Latrogenic - treatment induced

32
Q

Spondylolisthesis VII

A

Pending - developing stress fracture (MRI needed)

33
Q

Treatment of Spondylolisthesis

A

I&II adjust
III Maybe
IV no

34
Q

Treatment of Spondylolisthesis

A

I&II adjust
III Maybe
IV no

35
Q

Mesuration: Retropharyngeal, RetroLaryngeal, Retrotracheal

A

Retropharyngeal < 7
RetroLaryngeal < 14
Retrotracheal <22 (C6 cricoid)

36
Q

Mensuration: ADI

A

<5 child

<3 adult

37
Q

Mensuration: CORACOCLAVICULAR

A

Normal = 4-5
Sprain 6-8
Separation >9

38
Q

Mensuration: Glenohumeral

A

4 mm DJD, CPPD

>5 mm post dislocation

39
Q

Mensuration: Acromiohumeral

A

Normal 7-11

40
Q

LAO = RPO

A

Cervicals: Left IVF
Lumbar: Right pars
SI joint : Left

41
Q

Line of mensuration: Meyerding’s grading (“Slipping Grading”)

A

Sacral base is divided into quarters and the relative position of the posterior inferior aspect of L5 is made

42
Q

Meyerding’s grading is used to determine the degree of…

A

Anterolistheis

number back to from 1,2,..

43
Q

Line of mensuration: Ulman’s Line (Garland Thomas Line)

A

Line drawn parallel and through the sacral base. Perpendicular line drawn from the sacral promontory.
L5 beyond perpendicular line is Spondy

44
Q

Line of mensuration: Cobb’s Method of Scoliosis Evaluation

A

Locate superior and inferior extremes of scoliosis. Draw a parallel line through the superior end plate of superior most and through inferior end plate of inferior most. Intersecting perpendicular lines are drawn and the angle is measured

45
Q

Which method is prefer for scoliosis Cobb/ Risser?

A

Cobb’s

46
Q

Line of mensuration: Shenton’s Line

A

A smooth curvilinear line is drawn along the inferior femoral neck to the superior aspect of obturator foramen.
Interrupted discontinuous line indicates dislocation, neck fracture, SCFE

47
Q

Lines for SCFE

A

Shenton’s
Iliofemoral line
Klein’s (Best)

*Part II Supplemental (28 decks)

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