Quiz 8 Flashcards
What hormone leads to secretion of aldosterone?
Renin.
What part of the kidney is continuous with the ureter?
Renal pelvis.
Where is the initial filtration of blood within the nephron?
Glomerulus.
What arteriole is on route to the nephron?
Afferent.
Where will you find podocytes in the nephron?
Glomerulus.
What is mostly not re-absorbed in the nephrons?
Urea.
The presence of what hormone makes the collecting duct more permeable to water?
ANH.
The presence of what hormone promotes the excretion of Na+ from blood.
ADH.
The presence of what hormone promotes excretion of K+ and re-absorption of Na+ back into the blood?
Aldosterone.
What is the most powerful mechanism for maintaining a proper pH in the body?
Kidneys.
One of the first signs of kidney damage is the presence of what?
Albumin.
What 2/3 of the kidney has been damaged, what is the best term?
Uremia.
Where will you find mechanical digestion other than the mouth?
Stomach.
Where are villi found?
Small intestine.
Where is the enzyme pepsin found?
Stomach.
Where is the hormone secretin produced?
Small intestine (duodenum).
The hormone CCK stimulates what?
The gallbladder.
The vermiform appendix is found where on the large intestine?
Cecum.
What section of large intestine both ascends and goes transverse?
Colon.
Feces has how much water content?
3/4.
Contents from the stomach go where in the small intestine?
Duodenum.
What part of the small intestine contains peyers patches?
Ileum.
What sends what to the small intestine which digests proteins?
Pancreas/trypsin.
Salivary amylase digests what?
Starch.
What will send sodium bicarbonate to small intestine to neutralize acids?
Pancreas.
The function of what is to first store and then later release bile?
Gallbladder.
What stores vitamins, makes plasma proteins, and regulates cholesterol?
Liver.
The small intestine villi cells will produce what to break down sugars to glucose?
Maltase.
What nutrient is needed in all reactions?
Water.
What hormone inhibits hunger?
Leptin.
What fiber can prevent absorption of food and some ions?
Soluble.
What cholesterol is considered bad?
LDL.
What transports cholesterol from the liver to the cells?
LDL.
Define peristalsis.
Muscular contractions to move food along.
What is the specific pH that most of the body needs?
7.4.
Where is the peritubular capillary network found?
In the nephron.
What is one mechanism by which the kidneys ensure that most water goes back to the blood?
The nephron releases water back to the blood in the bottom of the ascending loops of henle.
Define diuretic and give one example.
Decreases blood volume/ pressure, increases urination. Example: medications, drugs, coffee.
How does increasing the respiratory rate affect the pH of the blood?
More O2 in, hydrogen is picked up, bicarbonate released.
What is a general function of insulin?
To regulate blood glucose levels.
Define hormone.
A substance produced by a group of cells that affects another group of cells.
Define bilirubin.
Responsible for brown colour in feces, made up of aged/dead red blood cells.
