Quiz 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a type of metabolism that breaks materials down?

A

Catabolism.

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2
Q

What participates at the start of a reaction?

A

Reactants.

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3
Q

What kind of reactions refer to reactions when energy has been absorbed?

A

Endergonic.

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4
Q

Explain no available energy to be used or released by cell.

A

Heat.

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5
Q

What part of the enzyme binds with a substrate to form a complex?

A

Active site.

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6
Q

When the substrate binds to the enzyme, what principle applies?

A

Induced fit.

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7
Q

Energy transformation that results in a more disorganized state is what?

A

Entropy.

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8
Q

An enzyme will lower which energy needed to begin a reaction?

A

Activation.

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9
Q

What type of energy is associated with being available to do work?

A

Free.

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10
Q

Which stage of respiration has FAD becoming FADH2?

A

Citric acid cycle.

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11
Q

At what stage, a two carbon sized molecule will link with coenzyme A and become acetyl-CoA?

A

Preparatory stage.

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12
Q

When will NADH+ H+ become oxidized to NAD?

A

Electron transport chain.

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13
Q

By far, the most ATP generated occurs at what stage?

A

Electron transport chain.

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14
Q

At what stage does a 2 carbon sized molecule join with a 4 carbon molecule and the 2 carbon molecule gets used up as CO2 and NADH is made?

A

Citric acid cycle.

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15
Q

What stage are all carbons from the original glucose molecules gone?

A

Electron transport chain.

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16
Q

During what stage is there a buildup of H+ in the intermembrane space?

A

Electron transport chain.

17
Q

The anaerobic process of cell respiration can occur after what stage?

A

Glycolysis.

18
Q

Electrons are going to a lower energy level at what stage?

A

Electron transport chain.

19
Q

The electron carrier molecules are found in the intermembrane space of what?

A

Cristae.

20
Q

A cell may inactivate an enzyme by adding/removing what?

A

Phosphate.

21
Q

Where does lymph enter the circulatory system?

A

Thoracic duct.

22
Q

What is a primary lymphoid organ: Lymph node, spleen, thymus, or nodule.

A

Thymus.

23
Q

Where do you find red and white pulp.

A

Spleen.

24
Q

What blood cell is not found in the lymph nodes?

A

NK cells.

25
Q

What has one way valves to prevent backflow?

A

Lymph vessels.

26
Q

What is an inorganic ion which may help an enzyme?

A

Coenzyme.

27
Q

What does a change to an enzyme’s shape due to extreme temperatures and/or pH do?

A

Denature.

28
Q

Briefly define oxidation.

A

Loses electrons.

29
Q

Briefly define reduction.

A

Gains electrons.

30
Q

How does a coupled reaction work?

A

The energy released from an exergonic reaction is used to fuel an endergonic one.

31
Q

What are two ways that enzyme inhibition may work?

A

The cell will bind a phosphate to the enzymes active site to temporarily denature it, so that it doesn’t speed up a certain reaction.
Too much substrate can cause too many reactions.

32
Q

How does chemiosmosis generate ATP?

A

H+ moving across semi-permeable membrane instead of water, energy released is used to make ATP. Movement from intermembrane space of cristae to matrix.

33
Q

What are the products produced from fermentation in a plant cell?

A

Ethyl alcohol and CO2.