Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is a type of metabolism that breaks materials down?
Catabolism.
What participates at the start of a reaction?
Reactants.
What kind of reactions refer to reactions when energy has been absorbed?
Endergonic.
Explain no available energy to be used or released by cell.
Heat.
What part of the enzyme binds with a substrate to form a complex?
Active site.
When the substrate binds to the enzyme, what principle applies?
Induced fit.
Energy transformation that results in a more disorganized state is what?
Entropy.
An enzyme will lower which energy needed to begin a reaction?
Activation.
What type of energy is associated with being available to do work?
Free.
Which stage of respiration has FAD becoming FADH2?
Citric acid cycle.
At what stage, a two carbon sized molecule will link with coenzyme A and become acetyl-CoA?
Preparatory stage.
When will NADH+ H+ become oxidized to NAD?
Electron transport chain.
By far, the most ATP generated occurs at what stage?
Electron transport chain.
At what stage does a 2 carbon sized molecule join with a 4 carbon molecule and the 2 carbon molecule gets used up as CO2 and NADH is made?
Citric acid cycle.
What stage are all carbons from the original glucose molecules gone?
Electron transport chain.
During what stage is there a buildup of H+ in the intermembrane space?
Electron transport chain.
The anaerobic process of cell respiration can occur after what stage?
Glycolysis.
Electrons are going to a lower energy level at what stage?
Electron transport chain.
The electron carrier molecules are found in the intermembrane space of what?
Cristae.
A cell may inactivate an enzyme by adding/removing what?
Phosphate.
Where does lymph enter the circulatory system?
Thoracic duct.
What is a primary lymphoid organ: Lymph node, spleen, thymus, or nodule.
Thymus.
Where do you find red and white pulp.
Spleen.
What blood cell is not found in the lymph nodes?
NK cells.
What has one way valves to prevent backflow?
Lymph vessels.
What is an inorganic ion which may help an enzyme?
Coenzyme.
What does a change to an enzyme’s shape due to extreme temperatures and/or pH do?
Denature.
Briefly define oxidation.
Loses electrons.
Briefly define reduction.
Gains electrons.
How does a coupled reaction work?
The energy released from an exergonic reaction is used to fuel an endergonic one.
What are two ways that enzyme inhibition may work?
The cell will bind a phosphate to the enzymes active site to temporarily denature it, so that it doesn’t speed up a certain reaction.
Too much substrate can cause too many reactions.
How does chemiosmosis generate ATP?
H+ moving across semi-permeable membrane instead of water, energy released is used to make ATP. Movement from intermembrane space of cristae to matrix.
What are the products produced from fermentation in a plant cell?
Ethyl alcohol and CO2.
