Quiz 1 Flashcards
What has the least atomic mass
An electron
What has to do with isotopes
A neutron
What has to do with atomic number
Protons
How many electrons can Nitrogen hold in its outer shell?
8
How many electrons can Hydrogen hold in its outer shell?
2
How do water molecules attach to each other?
Cohesion
What is a mixture that needs agitation?
Suspension
Being alkaline refers to being what kind of solution?
Basic solution
What would a substance such as NaCl be classified as?
A salt
A ratio of 1:100 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
9
A ratio of 1:10 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
8
A ratio of 10:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
6
A ratio of 10,000:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
0
A ratio of 1:10,000 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
14
A ratio of 1:1,000 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
10
A ratio of 1,000:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
4
A ratio of 100:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.
5
What is a functional group?
A specific cluster of atoms attached to the carbon skeleton of organic molecules that enters into reactions and behaves in a predictable way.
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
What do peptide bonds relate to?
Amino acids
When every other glucose in a chain is upside down, what results?
Cellulose
For proteins, what structure relates to R groups forming bonds with each other?
Tertiary
What would fatty acids with double bonds between carbons most likely be?
Unsaturated and liquid
How many is in a phospholipid of: glycerol molecule(s), phosphate(s), fatty acid(s)
one, one, two
What molecules exist as two strands that form a double helix?
DNA
Which of these molecules is not a nucleic acid?
DNA, RNA, Steroids, or ATP
Steroids
What is the general way that one monomer links to another?
Dehydration synthesis
Why is carbon so good at covalent bonding?
Because it has 4 outer electrons, so it can easily share one/two or more.
What is double covalent bonding?
The sharing of two electrons
What is the fundamental difference between the sugar molecule of DNA versus that of a sugar molecule of RNA?
DNA contains Thymine and RNA contains Uracil
How do “hydrogen bonds” work with water molecules?
Hydrogens form a hydrogen bond between each other and share electrons. (Cohesion and Adhesion are caused by hydrogen bonding)
In the event that a cell receives a monosaccharide such as galactose or fructose, what generally has to happen before the molecule can be used?
It must be converted into glucose
Differentiate between a solute and a solvent as may be found in a solution.
A solute is what is dissolved in a solution, and a solvent is the dissolving agent
What is one general difference between mRNA and tRNA?
mRNA is a linear shape and tRNA is in a cluster
