Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What has the least atomic mass

A

An electron

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2
Q

What has to do with isotopes

A

A neutron

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3
Q

What has to do with atomic number

A

Protons

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4
Q

How many electrons can Nitrogen hold in its outer shell?

A

8

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5
Q

How many electrons can Hydrogen hold in its outer shell?

A

2

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6
Q

How do water molecules attach to each other?

A

Cohesion

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7
Q

What is a mixture that needs agitation?

A

Suspension

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8
Q

Being alkaline refers to being what kind of solution?

A

Basic solution

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9
Q

What would a substance such as NaCl be classified as?

A

A salt

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10
Q

A ratio of 1:100 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

9

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11
Q

A ratio of 1:10 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

8

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12
Q

A ratio of 10:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

6

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13
Q

A ratio of 10,000:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

0

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14
Q

A ratio of 1:10,000 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

14

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15
Q

A ratio of 1:1,000 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

10

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16
Q

A ratio of 1,000:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

4

17
Q

A ratio of 100:1 of H+:OH- would have a pH of __.

A

5

18
Q

What is a functional group?

A

A specific cluster of atoms attached to the carbon skeleton of organic molecules that enters into reactions and behaves in a predictable way.

19
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acids

20
Q

What do peptide bonds relate to?

A

Amino acids

21
Q

When every other glucose in a chain is upside down, what results?

A

Cellulose

22
Q

For proteins, what structure relates to R groups forming bonds with each other?

A

Tertiary

23
Q

What would fatty acids with double bonds between carbons most likely be?

A

Unsaturated and liquid

24
Q

How many is in a phospholipid of: glycerol molecule(s), phosphate(s), fatty acid(s)

A

one, one, two

25
Q

What molecules exist as two strands that form a double helix?

A

DNA

26
Q

Which of these molecules is not a nucleic acid?

DNA, RNA, Steroids, or ATP

A

Steroids

27
Q

What is the general way that one monomer links to another?

A

Dehydration synthesis

28
Q

Why is carbon so good at covalent bonding?

A

Because it has 4 outer electrons, so it can easily share one/two or more.

29
Q

What is double covalent bonding?

A

The sharing of two electrons

30
Q

What is the fundamental difference between the sugar molecule of DNA versus that of a sugar molecule of RNA?

A

DNA contains Thymine and RNA contains Uracil

31
Q

How do “hydrogen bonds” work with water molecules?

A

Hydrogens form a hydrogen bond between each other and share electrons. (Cohesion and Adhesion are caused by hydrogen bonding)

32
Q

In the event that a cell receives a monosaccharide such as galactose or fructose, what generally has to happen before the molecule can be used?

A

It must be converted into glucose

33
Q

Differentiate between a solute and a solvent as may be found in a solution.

A

A solute is what is dissolved in a solution, and a solvent is the dissolving agent

34
Q

What is one general difference between mRNA and tRNA?

A

mRNA is a linear shape and tRNA is in a cluster