Quiz 5 Material?

Question 1

In the true stomach __________ acid provides the proper pH for the proteases rennin and _________ to begin digestion of proteins. Digestion of proteins continues in the small intestine due to the action of pancreatic and intestinal enzymes . Pancreatic proteases include trypsin, _____________, and carboxypeptidase. The main end products of protein difestion are __________, which are absorbed in the small intestine.

Answer 1

hydrochloric

pepsin

chymotrypsin

amino acids

Question 2

Enzymatic digestion of fat begins in the stomach. As lipids pass out of the stomach and into the duodenum, they are emulsified by ________ salts. These are produced by the _________ and usually stored in the gall bladder. Emulsification makes the triglycerides more accessible to the enzyme, pancreatic _________ . Action of this enzyme results in monoglycerides and ______________ which are primarily absorbed in the _________

Answer 2

bile

liver

lipase

fatty acids

jejunum

Question 3

______________ is a non structural carb that is found in plants. Because it contains ___________ 1-4, linked glucose this carb is effectively digested by amylase to produce ___________ and dextrins . Amylase is found in saliva of the saliva of some animals and is produced in the ____________ (organ). Cells hydrolyze sucrose to glucose and ____________

Answer 3

amylose

alpha

________ maltose?

__________ rumen?

fructose

Question 4

Sex linked recessive traits, such as red-green color blindness

a. are due to genes on the Y chromosome
b. result from a lack of beta carotene
c. require only one allele to be expressed in males
d. are not observed in heterozygous females

Answer 4

CD

Question 5

DNA

a. contains glucose
b. contains phosphate
c. is primarily found in the nucleus of cells
d. contains cytosine, thymine, adenine, and guanine

Answer 5

BCD

Question 6

In animal breeding and genetics?

a. epistasis means that some genes alter expressions of other genes different location
b. milk production is a sex linked trait

Answer 6

d

Question 7

Assuming the black baldy cattle were mated to each other what would be expected phenotypic frequencies (BbWw)

Answer 7

3 of 16 would be solid black

1 of 16 would be solid red

Question 8

The principle of segregation states that alleles separate so that one randomly chosen gene is found in each gamete

Answer 8

true

Question 9

A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a specific protein, and many genes are expressed in specific tissues, such as the myostatin gene is skeletal muscle , the trypsin gene in pancreas, and the growth hormone gene in the anterior pituitary

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Cats have 18 pairs of ______ and one pair of sex chromosomes

Answer 10

autosomes

Question 11

Prehension is the process where by an animal brings food into its mouth. This is followed by chewing also known as ___________. Poultry rely on the grinding action of the __________ to reduce food particle size

Answer 11

mastication

gizzard

Question 12

Plant carbs include digestible polysaccharides such as _________, which include amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is initially digested by _________ found in saliva and then by the same enzyme secreted from the _______. Intestinal cells contain enzymes that hydrolyze disaccharides such as maltase which hydrolyzes _________ to produce two glucose.

Answer 12

starch

amylase

pancrase

Question 13

fats have ______ calories (kcal ) per gram, which is 2.25 times more energy than carb or proteins on an equal weight basis. Dietary fat is often in the form of ____________which are too large to be absorbed. Digestion of these lipids begins in the stomach due to enzyme action. As lipids pass out of the stomcach and into the small intestine , thay are emulsified by _________. This chemical substance is produced by the _________and usually stored in the gall bladder. Emulsification of lipids enables more efficient digestion by pancreatic _________, which is an enzyme that hydrolyzes dietary fat to produce _________ and monoglycerides that can be absorbed

Answer 13

9

triglycerides
bile
liver 
lipase
fatty acids

Question 14

The large intestine absorbs large amounts of ________and electrolytes as well as VFA in monogastrics with a large, fuctional cecum. Although the absorption of most nutrients by the large intestine is limited, rabbits and rats can obtain essential nutrients resulting from microbial fermentation (such as b-vs and amino acids) because they practice __________ which means they consume their own feces

Answer 14

water

cecotrophy

Question 15

VFA’s

a. are produced in the duodenum
b. include acetate, butyrate, propionate
c. provide energy for cattle
d. help maintain muscular tone of the jejunum

Answer 15

BC

Question 16

Nutrients absorbed by the small intestine include

a. arginine
b. galactose
c. amylopectin
d. linoleic acid

Answer 16

ABD

Question 17

The large intestine includes the

a. ileum
b. reticulum
c. cecum
d. colon

Answer 17

CD

Question 18

Digestive proceses

a. increase the surface area of food consumed
b. include action by trypsin , amylase, and sucrase
c. include chemical digestion by acid
d. render food ready for absorption

Answer 18

ABCD

Question 19

saliva helps dissolve food and buffer stomach acid. In carnivores saliva also contains relatively high levels of lysozyme which kills bacteria

Answer 19

true

Question 20

the location of a gene on a chromosome is known as the _______ and various forms of a gene at a location are reffered to as _________

Answer 20

locus

alleles