AVS 209 Quiz 1 Flashcards
To prevent disease in animals
a. animals may be vaccinated against live, modified, or dead organisms
b. new or sick animals in a herd may be isolated
c. animals may be exposed to harsh environmental conditions to stimulate their immune system
d. humans may be granted limited access to animals
A
B
D
Idaho Statuses State hat is it unlawful to
a. abandon animals left with a vet
b. poison animals
c. carry animals in a cruel manner
d. impound animals without food or water
e. change feed without adaption
f. exhibit a dog at an obedience or agility event
ABCD
Temperament
a. may be scored by measuring the speed cattle exit a chute
b. may be scored by animal behavior in a squeeze chute
c. may be scored by flight zone testing
d. is influenced by genetics and an animal’s previous experience and environment
ABCD
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (s) (ACUC)
a. review all animal forms
b. approve animal use in AVS 209
c. ensure compliance with humane treatment regulations
d. are comprised of people with diverse backgrounds
e. were established under the Ag guide
ABCD
The Animal Welfare Act
a. is enforced by APHIS which is a branch of the USDA
b. Functions to ensure that animals intended for exhibition purposes are provided humane care
c. functions to ensure humane care and treatment of pets
d. does not explicitly function to ensure humane care of farm animals raised for food and fiber
e. is enforced by the humane society of the united states
A
B
C
D
The flight zone
a. penetrated to cause animal movement
b. decreased by frequent gentle handeling
c. increased when approaching toward the head
d. smaller for animals in a pen than on range
e. is smaller for an antelope than a typical horse
ABCD
Good Animal handling practices include
a. allowing animals to see and follow other animals
b. sudden rapid movements to periodically scare animals in a direction
c. applying continuous pressure to an animals flight zone to keep it moving
d. moving herd animals in small groups
e. timely screaming to get an animals attention
A
D
Stress caused by abuse, restraint, or transport may lead to
a. an increase in blood cortisol levels
b. increased incidence of illness
c. reduced digestive function
d. lower conception rates
e. inferior products derived from food producing species
ABCDE
The number of livestock operations in the US is declining, but the number of animals per operation (farm/ranch) is growing, and this is referred to as consolidation.
True
Fearfulness is a major component of temperament which is determined by both genetics and environment and describes how an animal will react during handling
true
A potential health concern for a person assisting a ewe that is lambing is exposure to coxiella burnettie which is an organism present in placental tissue that causes Q fever
True
The guide for the care and use of agriculture animals in agricultural research and (AG guide) is published by the Federation of Animal Science Societies and outlines appropriate husbandry practices for farm animal species
True
VAccines will equally protect all animals from disease and can compensate for poor management
False
At the U of I, all applications for use of animals are pre-reviewed by _________________, before review by the ACUC.
The campus vet
The three R’s to alternatives to animal use include ___________ of conscious living vertebrates with non sentient material, _________ in the number of animals used, and _____________ of techniques to reduce pain and distress
Replacement
REduction
Refinement
List four contributions that animals make to society that do not include their use as a source of human food.
companionship, sport, protection, pest control, draft power
An animal will move forward if the handler is behind the point of ___________
balance
List two advantages and two disadvantages of housing sows in gestation crates (not farrowing crates) for extended periods of time.
Advantages: know the nutrients the individual sow heeds
and regulate temperature by keeping the sows cool??
farmers can manage sows individually
makes indoor housing easier
Disadvantages: now allow for the sow to get exercise not enough room no physical contact with other pigs no social contact
no enrichment
Working with animals can cause human exposure to allergens and what two other different kinds of risks to human health that are related to working with animals? For each risk mentioned, explain how each of these risks may be minimized
Physical risks- know animal behavior, know that animals can hurt you, calmly move animals
Infectious disease- wear proper clothing and equipment, wash hands after handling
Provide two characteristics of prey animal vision that you should be aware of when handling these animals or designing facilities to handle them
poor depth perception
monocular vision
List three features of good handling facilities
solid walls textured floors uniform light ventilation no sharp turns or corners
Is the use of technology in livestock production environmentally friendly? Provide one piece of evidence to either support your answer
Yes, because growth enhancing technologies allow for a faster growth without using more land and feed. Grass pastures don’t need to be used as frequently
decreased carbon footprint
Meat, milk and eggs and fish contribute a higher % of protein than calories to the human diet, but this is not generally true for cereal grains, fruits, and vegtables
true
The public health service act requires proper care and treatment of animals used in biomedical research and requires institutions that conduct such research to establish institutional animal care committees
true
Novelty is anything new or sudden that can cause a physiological reaction in animals
true
Grazing animals will often congregate into a group when being stalked by a predator, or when this stalking behavior is mimicked by a human
true
When restraining animals, applying optimum pressure is more effective than mac pressure
true
horses expend less energy when standing than when lying down, but the opposite is true for cattle. Thus, one would expect the time budget for these species to be different
true
__________ is the emotion that motivates animals to avoid predators
fear
A Colorado state professor who is widely recognized for her work in livestock behavior and design of handling facilities is _______________. She would be considered an applied _______________ ( hint: term used to describe the study of animal behavior)
Temple Grandin
ethologist
Describe two ways animals communicate and indicate what they may be trying to tell you
- ear position- when laid back either fear or aggression
2. head position- up when alert or in pain, down when submissive
How can you distinguish an animal that evolved as a predator, from a prey animal. be specific.
Predator animals have binocular vision while prey animals have monocular vision
What is cosolidation
Taking multiple things and combining them into one
Ex: # of farm operations went down # of cows/operation went up
Allows us to stay competitive
Aquaculture growth is driven primarily by which 2 factors?
a. global population growth
b. overfished oceans
c. improved palatability of fish
d. animal welfare
AB
Which of the following is NOT an example of an alternate protein source in aquaculture
a. yeast
b. blood meal
c. feather meal
d. fish meal
D is answer
A,B,C = alternate protein sources
Which breed of dairy cow is most abundant in the US dairy industry
a. Guernsey
b. Ayrshire
c. JErsey
d. Holstein
D
In terms of annual tonnage produced globally, the largest group of fish is _______.
Carp
_________ is a breed of cow known for high milk fat while _______ is a breed of cow known for its high milk production
Jersey
Holstein
Idaho is in the top 5 of US states in terms of milk production. Two of the other major dairy producing states are _______ and _________.
New York and Wisconsin
Most of Idaho’s 580000 cow dairy industry is located in ___________________, which average herd size is 1300 dairy cows
Magic Valley / Twin falls area
Rabbits are classified as __________________, because they have two sets of incisor teeth on their upper jaw. They also have open rooted incisors that grow continuously. A common feed for rabbits is grass, oat, or alfalfa ________. Rabbits derive B-vitamins and ____________ (nutrient) by practicing cecotrophy, which refers to consumption of a soft fecal pellet
lagomorphia
hay
protein
Rabbits have a gestation period of approximately ______ days and the term used to describe a rabbit giving birth is __________
28
kindling
In class, we talked about three different systems of fish farming. Name two of the three; for each, explain what makes that system unique.
Extensive fish farming is where they keep the fish in a pond and the fish eat food from natural environment.
Semi-intensive is the one they are still kept in ponds but are supplemented feed.
Provide one recommended management practice that can reduce overgrown teeth in rabbits
Allowing rabbits to have something to chew on will reduce over grown teeth in rabbits.
Name 5 major components of milk. Identify which component is most abundant, which is most valuable, which is most variable.
The five major components of milk are water, lactose, protein, fat, and minerals/vitamins. The most abundant is water. The most valuable is lactose. The most variable is lactose.
Name the three components of the disease triad; explain how 1 of the components contributes to the risk of disease in a population of animals.
- host
- environment
- agent
environment contributes to risk of disease by having animal in bad/stressful environment can make them more susceptible to disease.
Which 2 factors increase flight zone
a. genetics
b. environment
c. feeding time
d. age
AB
Which term best describes the overall physiological, health, and behavioral state of an animal in addition to social factors such as public expectations
a. animal science
b. animal by product
c. animal welfare
d. animal well being
C
Which 2 factors increase flight zone
a. sudden movement
b. training of the animal
c. sudden, loud noises
d. radio playing in the background
A, C
Animal care proceedures that protect animals from disease include
a. vaccination against specific pathogens
b. creating stress to stimulate immune function
c. isolating recently acquired animals from others
d. disinfecting boots before entering a new facility
ACD
________ were re introduced into Idaho as an endangered species in the mid 90’s and have reestablished population. Animal producers are most affected by this species through ___________, a phenomenon where wildlife preys on domestic species like cattle. In addition to animal producers, this predator population impacts environmentalists, wildlife activists, and state governments. Together, these groups can come together to ____________ meetings so that all groups can highlight their viewpoints and improve the potential for balanced and informed decision making
wolves
depredation
stakeholders
