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AVS > Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy def

A

Form

Can be in a large scale, microscopic (histology), or comparative (retractable vs nonretractable claw)

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2
Q

Physiology def

A

Body/organ function

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3
Q

Animal vitals

A

Run hotter than humans

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4
Q

Most animal temps are around ___________

Which two are abnormal

A

102

Horse lower
Poultry higher

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5
Q

Where is the dorsal

A

Surface back

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6
Q

What does median plane do

A

Cut down middle of animal

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7
Q

Where is the cranial end

A

Head

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8
Q

What’s another name for causal end

A

Coccygeal

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9
Q

What does the transverse plane do

A

Perpendicular to median plane

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10
Q

What is another name for median plane

A

Mid sagital plane

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11
Q

Frontal plane

A

?

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12
Q

What is difference between abduction and adduction

A

Abduction- movement away from median plane

Add- movement toward median plane

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13
Q

Difference between anterior and posterior

A

Anterior/ toward front of body

Posterior- toward back surface of body

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14
Q

Difference between caudal and cranial

A

Caudal- toward tail

Cranial- toward head

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15
Q

What does cutaneous

A

Relating to the skin

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16
Q

What is the ventral

A

Belly

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17
Q

Muscle just below skin is ______________ abdominal muscle also known as fly shaker

A

Cutaneous

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18
Q

What’s the difference between extension and flexion

A

Extension- straightening of limbs

Flexion- bending of limbs at joints

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19
Q

Difference between lateral and medial

A

Lateral- away from median plane

Medial- toward median plane

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20
Q

What is sagital

A

Any plane parallel to median plane

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21
Q

What is a process

A

A projection or outgrowth

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22
Q

What’s the difference of proximal and distal

A

Proximal- usually applied to limbs
Toward the attached portion of major body mass

Distal- farthest from major body mass

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23
Q

Def of superficial (superficialis)

A

Toward surface

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24
Q

Transverse def

A

A plane across body perpendicular to median plane

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25
Q

Infra or sub

A

Below or beneath

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26
Q

Supra

A

Above or superior

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27
Q

Inter

A

Between

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28
Q

Intra

A

Within

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29
Q

Skin

A

Exterior covering of body

Continuous

30
Q

Layers of skin + def

A

Epidermis- outer layers of epithelial cells

Dermis- connective tissue, blood vessels, lymph, nerves, glands, hair follicular

31
Q

Functions of skin

A

Protection
Temp regulation
Responds to environment (sensory nerves)

Secretion and excretion

32
Q

Skeletal system functions

A

Protection

Provide rigidity and form (support)

Act of levers

Store minerals

Sure for red blood cell formation

33
Q

5 vertebraes

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, caudal

34
Q

What are the three things that make up pelvis

A

Shaft of Ilium (hook)

Ischium (pin)

Pubic symphysis (middle)

35
Q

Four types of joints

A

Ball and socket: shoulder hip

Hinged: elbow

Pivot: neck (atlas, axis)

Glide: ( vertebrae- bend several directions)

36
Q

Another name for ribs

A

Casts

37
Q

This carries signals from sensory organs to the brain (afferent signals) and signals brain muscles and tissues (efferent signals)

A

Nervous system

38
Q

Another name for signals from sensory organs to the brain

A

Afferent signals

39
Q

Signals from brain to muscles and tissues

A

Efferent signals

40
Q

Name two systems in nervous system

A

Central and peripheral

41
Q

The central nervous system consists of what

A

Brain and spinal cords

42
Q

Peripheral nervous system consists of

A

Cranial and spinal nerves

43
Q

Whole blood is made up of two things they are

A 
Formed elements (45%)
Plasma (55%)
44
Q

Formed elements consist of

A

Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells

45
Q

Plasma consists of

A

Other (1.5%)
Water (91.5%
Proteins 7%

46
Q

Proteins in plasma consist of

A

Binding proteins

Antibodies

47
Q

Hemoglobin in blood is what

A

Oxygen binding protein in blood

48
Q

Red blood cells are also called and are produced in

A

Erythrocytes

Bone marrow

49
Q

Red blood cells carry what

A

Oxygen and co 2

50
Q

White blood cells are also called

A

Leukocyte

51
Q

White blood cells are what

A

Immune cells

52
Q

Platelets another name for

A

Thrombocytes

53
Q

Platelets do what

A

Blood clotting

54
Q

Name the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei/cell of skeletal muscle

A

Control: voluntary
Bp: striated
Shape: threadlike
N/c- multinucleated

55
Q

What is the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei:celll of cardiac muscle

A

Control- involuntary
Bp: striated
Shape: branches
N/c: mononucleated

56
Q

What is the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei/cell of smooth muscle

A

Control: involuntary
Bp: non striated
Shape: various
Nc: mononucleated

57
Q

What does striated mean

A

Under microscope and have banding patterns due to density of proteins

58
Q

What are the 5 muscle functions

A

Locomotion, respiration, circulation, digestion, and reproduction

59
Q 
What muscle type performs: 
Locomotion
Respiration
Circulation
Digestion
Reproduction
A 
L- skeletal muscle
R- skeletal muscle (not intirrally involuntary because of diaphragm)
C- cardiac and smooth
D- smooth primarily
Rep- smooth primarily
60
Q

Which muscle type has the largest cells in animals body that is visible by eye

A

Skeletal muscle

61
Q

What does multinucleated allow

A

Allow to get big

62
Q

Smooth muscle is described as

A

Adaptable

63
Q

How many chambers are in the heart of humans

Name them

A

4

Right and left atrium
Right and left ventricles

64
Q

What do artiers do

What do veins do

A

Artiers thick vessels that carry oxygen rich blood

Veins- return vessels

65
Q

What are the two exceptions to veins and artieries

A

Pulmonary v and a

66
Q

What are capillaries

A

Thin walled vessels, all tissues

67
Q

What is lymph system

A

Accessory to circulatory system

Nodes or glands filter foreign substances, produce lymphocytes

68
Q

Systematic circulation def

A

Moves oxygenated blood to body and returns venous (deoxygenated) blood to heart

69
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Veins carry oxygenated blood

70
Q

What def of cardiac muscle

A

Branched fibers connected by dense intercalated disks

Many glycogen granules

Large and numerous mitochondria

71
Q

What are the three muscle fiber types

A

Red oxidative type 1
Intermediate oxid/glycolytic type 11A
White glycolytic type 11b

AVS (26 decks)

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