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Ms. Jones Flashcards Social Studies > Questions Module 13 Lessons 1& 2\ > Flashcards

Questions Module 13 Lessons 1& 2\ Flashcards

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1
Q

In the 1700s what was everyone mainly?

A

farmer

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2
Q

How did farmers mainly get everything they needed?

A

they made it by hand

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3
Q

Blacksmiths, carpenters, and shoemakers, made goods by hand in the what?

A

towns

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4
Q

What did people began using to make the manufacturing process more efficient?

A

Machines

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5
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution began first?

A

Great Britain

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6
Q

What was the first Breakthrough in the Industrial Revolution?

A

textiles, or cloth goods, were made

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7
Q

Who invented a Sinning machine?

A

Richard Arkwright

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8
Q

What was the Spinning Machine called that Richard Arkwright invented?

A

Water Frame

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9
Q

What did the Spinning Machine replace?

A

Hand Spinning

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10
Q

What did the Water frame use as a source of power?

A

Flowing water

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11
Q

What are three benefits of the Water Frame?

A

Could produce dozens of cotton threads at the same time

Lowered the cost of cotton production and increased the speed of textile production

Merchants built textile mills near rivers and streams.

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12
Q

Where were most textile mills built?

A

Near streams to use running water for power.

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13
Q

Where did Samuel Slater get his ideas for his mills that he made?

A

Britain

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14
Q

The what arose in the Northeast, starting what?

A

textile industry, introducing the Industrial Revolution

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15
Q

Why did the U.S. need better technology or tools so they could what?

A

manufacture maskets

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16
Q

Samuel Slater opened two mills where?

A

Pawtucket and Rhode Island

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17
Q

Who did Samuel Slater open his two mills with?

A

Moses Brown

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18
Q

What did Moses Brown and Samuel Slater’s mills do?

A

The mills made cotton thread by machine

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19
Q

Why were Moses Brown and Samuel Slater’s mills in the Northeast region?

A

Because it had many rivers and streams for power

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20
Q

Were Samuel Slater and Moses Brown’s mills successful?

A

They were successful

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21
Q

What did Eli Whitney develop?

A

musket factories

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22
Q

What did Eli Whitney use to power the musket factories?

A

water-powered machinery

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23
Q

What was Eli Whitney’s amazing idea for making musket manufacturing easier?

A

Whitney introduced the idea of interchangeable parts, or parts of a machine that are identical, to make musket manufacturing easier.

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24
Q

Did the idea of interchangeable parts work?

A

Yes, Interchangeable parts sped up the process of mass production.

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25
Q

Who did Eli Whitney mainly make muskets for?

A

President John Adams

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26
Q

What made it difficult for American manufacturing to grow?

A

Lower British prices on manufactured goods

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27
Q

What was the manufacturing limited to?

A

cotton goods, flour milling, weapons, and iron products

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28
Q

What cut off trade with Great Britain?

A

the War of 1812

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29
Q

What was the good thing about trade being cut off from Britain in the United States?

A

allowing manufacturing in the United States to prosper and expand.

30
Q

What was the problem with trade being cut off with Britain?

A

Americans realized that the United States had been relying too heavily on foreign goods.

31
Q

After the war was over what did businesspeople want?

A

They wanted to lead the nation into a time of industrial growth.

32
Q

What were factor jobs like?

A

Factory jobs usually involved simple, repetitive tasks done for low pay.

33
Q

What did Samuel Slater started doing since everyone thought the job was boring?

A

The mill industry jobs by hiring whole families and paying children low wages.

Built housing for workers and provided a company store.

34
Q

Where did Samuel Slater bring families to work?

A

Pawtucket

35
Q

How were families paid for working in the mill for Samuel Slater?

A

paid workers in credit at the company store rather than paying them cash.

36
Q

What was Samuel Slater’s strategy of hiring families and dividing factory work into simple tasks was called?

A

Rhode Island system

37
Q

How much were paid during the Rhode Island system?

A

Children usually earned in one week what an adult was paid for one day’s work.

38
Q

What other mill owners imitated Samuel Slater’s Rhode Island system?

A

northeastern

39
Q

What new system of mill manufacturing did Francis Cabot Lowell create?

A

Lowell System

40
Q

What kind of people did the Lowell system employ?

A

Employing young, unmarried women, who were housed in boardinghouses

41
Q

What was a good thing that the Lowell system provided for its employees?

A

Providing clean factories and free-time activities for its employees

42
Q

Where did Francis Cabot Lowell build the mills that followed the Lowell system?

A

Waltham and Lowell both in Massachusetts

43
Q

What did the Lowell girls get from the job?

A

The Lowell girls were encouraged to take classes and join clubs.

44
Q

What were some problems of working at the mills for Francis Cabot Lowell?

A

They worked 12 to 14 hour days

Cotton dust caused health issues

45
Q

What kind of mills did Francis Cabot Lowell have?

A

Spinning thread and weaving at the same mills sometimes

46
Q

Why did the wages for the jobs keep dropping in the mills?

A

Craftsmen’s wages dropped in competition against cheap manufactured goods.

Wages of factory workers dropped as they competed for jobs.

47
Q

What did Craftsmen form to gain higher wages and better working conditions?

A

Trade Unions

48
Q

Who also formed trade unions?

A

Factory workers

49
Q

Who started trade unions first?

A

Craftsmen

50
Q

Who started using the stage of strikes?

A

Labor unions

51
Q

Were most of the strikes successful?

A

no

52
Q

Where did Sarah G. Bagley help led the union movement?

A

in Massachusetts

53
Q

What did Sarah’s G. Bagley’s campaign for?

A

To reduce the 12-to 14-hour workday to a 10-hour workday.

54
Q

Did the Union win for ten hour workday?

A

Yes, several states passed 10 hour workday laws

55
Q

What president gave some 10 hour workdays to many federal employees?

A

President Martin Van Buren

56
Q

What also keep going on that wasn’t good?

A

child labor

57
Q

What was amazing for Sarah G. Bagley?

A

She was the first woman to hold a high-ranking position in America’s labor movement.

58
Q

What part of the Transportation Revolution helped boom business?

A

By reducing shipping cost and time

59
Q

What were the two new forms of transportation in the 1800s?

A

steamboat and steam-powered trains

60
Q

Who invented the steamboat, testing the Clermont?

A

Robert Fulton

61
Q

How did steamboats increase trade?

A

By moving goods more quickly and more cheaply

62
Q

Where did Robert Fulton test the Clermont?

A

on the Hudson River

63
Q

Did the test of the Clermont work?

A

Yes

64
Q

What did the success of the test of the Clermont do?

A

The successful test helped to launch the steamboat era

65
Q

What river could steamboats start to caring people and goods across?

A

The Atlantic Ocean

66
Q

What did Gibbons argue during the case of Gibbons v. Ogden? Did the court agree?

A

Gibbons argued that a federal license meant he could use New York waterways without
another license.

The Supreme Court agreed with Gibbons.

67
Q

Where did steam-powered trains get first developed?

A

Great Britain

68
Q

Peter Cooper raced his locomotive what against what railcard in 1830?

A

Tom Thumb locomotive against a horsedrawn

69
Q

Did Peter Coopers locomotive Tom Thumb win against Horsedrawn?

A

No but, it showed the power and speed despite losing because of a breakdown near the end of the race

70
Q

slide 17

A

slide 17

Ms. Jones Flashcards Social Studies (52 decks)

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