Long Question Module 12 Lesson 1&2 Flashcards
Who hired empresarios?
The NEW Mexican government
What River did Stephen F. Austin start a colony on in 1822?
Lower Colorado River
Who became ruler of Mexico in 1830?
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
What was the region of Mexico known as?
American Southwest
What empire was Mexico part of?
The Spanish Empire
Did the revolt led by Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla in 1810 work?
No it failed
What did Antoni Lopez de Santa Anna do when he came into power?
suspended Mexico’s constitution.
Where was the Texans revolt?
Battle at Gonzales, Texas
What happened when Texans declared independence?
The Republic of Texas was estabished
Who was named head of the Texas army?
Sam Houston
Why did Stephen F. Austin go to the United States?
To seek money and Troops
What started the Battle at the Alamo?
The Texans actions angered Mexican leader Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Who led the Texans in the Battle at the Alamo?
Colonel Jim Travis
What ended the Battle at the Alamo?
On March 6, 1836 all Texas defenders killed in Mexican attack.
Who lead the Texans in the Battle of San Jacinto?
Sam Houston
who won the Battle at the alamo?
Mexican forces
Who won the Battle of San jacinto?
Texan forces
What happened after Texans won the Battle of San Jacinto?
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna signed a treaty giving independence to Texas.
What became of Sam Houston since he was the hero of the Texas forces?
Sam Houston was elected president
Who became secretary of state for Texas?
Stephen F. Austin
What did Texas do to increase the population?
Texas offered land grants to new settlers. Many from nearby southern states brought enslaved Africans with them.
Why did President Jackson did not take control of Texas?
But did not want to upset balance between slave and free states by letting a slave state enter the Union.
Why was the U.S. looking for more land in the West?
The U.S. needed more space for farms, ranches, businesses, and families
What did some people believe that it was the U.S. what to settle in all of the land to the Pacific?
Manifest Destiny
What was the most important state for Mexico in their mission system and why?
The mission system was important in California, carrying out huge farming and ranching operations using Native American labor.
What was also organized with Oregon being added to the territory of the U.S.?
negotiated treaty for land south of
forty-ninth parallel
After losing Texas what other present-day areas did Mexico control?
Southwest—New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California.
What did Mexico’s missions systems do?
— Land grants given to wealthiest California settlers
— Created vast ranchos, or ranches
What states did John Slidell try to buy for $30 million?
New Mexico and California
What happened after Mexico refused the $30 million for the two states?
Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor and his army into the border region around the Rio Grande in 1846.
Where did President James K. Polk send General Zachary Taylor and his troops?
region border around the Rio Grande
After Polk sent General Zachary Taylor and his troops what happened?
U.S. troops clashed with Mexicans in April
After U.S. troops clashed with Mexicans what happened?
Congress declared was on Mexico in April
Who won the war against Mexico and the U.S.?
Taylor’s forces won battles south of the Rio Grande in Mexico
After the U.S. won the Battles against Mexico what did the U.S. gain?
General Stephen Kearny seized control of New Mexico.
What started the Bear Flag Revolt?
Americans seized Sonoma and declared California to be an independent nation on June 14, starting the Bear Flag Revolt.
What did America seize during the Bear Flag Revolt?
Sonoma
What happened during the Bear Flage Revolt?
California was claimed for the United States
Who did General Taylor’s forces defeat in February 1847?
Mexican army under Santa Anna at Buena Vista
What happened during the War at Veracruz?
General Winfield Scott’s forces seized the port of Veracruz in March 1847.
Veracruz was the strongest fortress in Mexico.
What happened to the War at Mexico City?
Scott’s troops took Mexico City in September 1847 after a brave defense by Mexican soldiers.
What officially ended all of the wars with Mexico?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexican territory included what?
present-day California, Nevada, and Utah, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming.
What were the people in the territory of Mexican areas were what?
“Protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property and secured in the free exercise of their religion.”
What did the Gadsden Purchase do?
It gave southern parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico to the U.S. for $10 million
What was California’s main population?
Mexican and Native Americans
What was John Sutters colony popular for?
rest stop for immigrants
Where was the Donner Party traveling to?
California
Where did the Donner Party get lost in and why?
Sierra Nevada because of heavy snows
Why did most of the Donner party die?
starvation
Who were the 80,000 gold-seekers that went to California in 1849?
Forty-niners
What were miners mostly like?
young, unmarried men in search of adventure
What job that helped miners were good for woman and made them good money?
cooking meals, washing clothes, and operating boardinghouses for miners
What caused inflation in California?
the huge amount of gold in circulation
In 1852 California placed a high monthly tax on who?
foreign miners
What type of immigrants arrived in California in 1849?
China, Europe, Mexico, and South America.
The growth of California had a negative impact on who?
Californios and Native Americans
Most of the Forty-niners arrived in what city in California?
San Francisco
At Buena Vista what happened during the war?
The Mexican army had fled overnight.
It was a fierce battle with heavy casualties on both sides.
