Quantitative types of experiments

Question 1

laboratory experiment

Answer 1

a study that uses a carefully controlled setting and a standardised procedure to accurately measure hw many changes in the IV afect the DV. \
- research manipulates the IV; it is not naturally occuring.
-conducted under highly controlled conditions.
-Can control as many variables as possible.
-confounding variables are controlled
- the researcher decides where the experiment will take place, at what time, with which participants, in what circumstances and using a standardized procedure
- randomly allocated to each IV

Question 2

Advantages and disadvantages of lab experiment

Answer 2

Advantage: - isolating one or more variables and then manipulating their values to see the effect this has upon another variable makes possible a high degree of control, thus there is high internal validity
Disadvantage: -demand characterists = people may behave differently in a lab to th way in which they would behave in their normal day-to-day lives

Question 3

field experiment

Answer 3

applies the scientific method to experimentally examine an intervention in the real world rather than in the lab
- done in the everyday environment of the participants
- manipulates an IV and studies its effect on the DV but less control of variable
- impossibl to obtain total control so there may be confounding

Question 4

Advantages and disadvantages of field experiments

Answer 4

• much higher ecological validity as they are conducted in a natural setting and so the findings can be generalized to other settings

disadvantages
- not possible to study cause-and-effect relationships, although one variable is manipulated because of extraneous variables affecting causation.

Question 5

quasi experiments

Answer 5

studies conducted in an artificial setting where the researcher can control as many variables as possible.
- measures the effect of the IV on the DV containing a naturally occuring IV.
- allocation of participants into groups is not done randomly

Question 6

Advantgaes and disadvantages of quasi experiments

Answer 6

Advantages
- quasi experiments often gave good internal validity as there are control variables
Disadvantages
- that cause and affect inferences cannot be made

Question 7

Natural experiments

Answer 7

researchers find naturally occuring IV and study them
- cannot manipulate IV so the DV is simply measured and judged as the effect of an IV
- cannot be randomly allocated
- conducted in natural settings

Question 8

Advantages and disadvantages of natural experiemnts

Answer 8

Strengths
- the natural settings where such experiments take place mean that results will have high ecological validity
Weaknesses
- beaing unable to randomly allocate participants to conditions means that sample bia may be an issue. Cannot establish a cause and effect relationship