Q3: Mechanisms that produce change in population

Question 1

5 Mechanisms of Evolution

Answer 1

• Natural Selection
• Mutation
• Genetic Drift
• Gene Flow
• Recombination

Question 2

It is a theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types.

Answer 2

evolution

Question 3

The change in the genetic variance of a population of species over time.

Answer 3

evolution

Question 4

This states that organisms have grown and developed from past organisms.

Answer 4

Theory of Evolution

Question 5

An ancestor shared by two or more descendant species.

Answer 5

common ancestor

Question 6

Difference between traits in individuals of the same species.

Answer 6

variation

Question 7

A trait that improves an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in an environment.

Answer 7

Adaptation

Question 8

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.

Answer 8

fitness

Question 9

It is an inevitable outcome of three principles that operated in nature.

Answer 9

natural selection

Question 10

Three principles of natural selection

Answer 10

1. The characteristics of organisms are inherited or passed from parent to offspring.
2. More offspring are produced than are able to survive; resources for survival and reproduction are limited.
3. Offspring vary among each other in regard to their characteristics and those variations are inherited.

Question 11

Natural Selection can only take place if there is ____________ among individuals in a population.

Answer 11

variation

Question 12

True or False

For natural selection to take place, the variation among individuals must have some genetic basis.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

It is a source of new alleles in a population and is a change in the DNA sequence of the gene.

Answer 13

mutation

Question 14

Three outcomes of mutation

Answer 14

1. A mutation may affect its likelihood of survival, giving fewer offspring (negative).
2. A mutation may give a phenotype with a beneficial effect on survival (positive).
3. Many mutations, called neutral mutations, will have no effect on survival (neutral).

Question 15

The drifting of the frequency of an allele relative to that of the other alleles in a population over time as a result of a chance or random event.

Answer 15

genetic drift

Question 16

The flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration of individuals.

Answer 16

genetic flow

Question 17

It occurs during meiosis when chromosomes exchange genes.

Answer 17

recombination

Question 18

Which part of meiosis does recombination occurs?

Answer 18

Prophase I

Question 19

This process ultimately leads to the formation of unique gametes with chromosomes that are different from those in their parents.

Answer 19

recombination

Question 20

This is also one of the important means to promote and increase genetic diversity between generations.

Answer 20

recombination