Pulmonary System Meds Flashcards
What do intranasal glucocorticoids do?
Decrease inflammation in the nose, treat allergic rhinitis
What drug class are fluticasone (Flonase) and triamcinolone (Nasacort)?
Intranasal glucocorticoids
diphenhydramine brand name
Benadryl
What effects do 1st gen antihistamines cause?
Anticholinergic, dry, can’t see/pee/spit/shit
What do you need to avoid when taking 1st gen antihistamine?
Alcohol and CNS depressants
One SE of 1st gen antihistamine is?
Drowsiness, so need to avoid driving
Difference between 2nd gen and 1st gen antihistamines?
2nd gen is less dry, and can be taken daily
Drug class of fexofenadine (Allegra) and loratadine (Claritin)
2nd gen antihistamine
Difference between what 1st and 2nd gen antihistamines treat?
1st gen: antitussive(镇咳)
2nd gen: urticaria (rash)
What to avoid when taking 2nd gen antihistamine?
Grapefruit juice
Drug class of oxymetazoline (Afrin) and pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Decongestant
What do decongestants do?
Vasoconstriction in nose
What class of drug do you need to avoid
MAOIs
How many days can you use nasal spray for?
Less than 5 days
What drug class is guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)
Expectorant
What do expectorants do?
Thin secretions
Pt education of expectorant
- Take with food b/c GI upset
- Increase fluid b/c water is the best natural expectorant
What drug class is dextromethorphan (Delsym)?
Antitussives
How do antitussives work?
Block cough reflex to stop coughs
What can antitussives combine with to make it the most effective?
Combine with codeine, makes narcotic
What class of drug to avoid when taking antitussives?
Antidepressants (MAOI, SSRI)
Can you use antitussives for chronic coughs?
No
When is the best time to take antitussives?
Before bed, b/c can make you drowsy
Drug class of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu)
Anti-influenza
Drug class of zanamivir (Relenza)
Anti-influenza
What do anti-influenza drugs do?
Reduce the duration of flu, reduce symptoms, not cure
Best way to take anti-influenza drugs?
Take with food
What to watch for and report when taking anti-influenza drugs?
Report behavior changes b/c can cause seizure
Drug class of ribavirin (Virazole)
Antiviral
How to use ribavirin (Virazole)?
Continuous aerosol tx for 3-5 days
What is antiviral drugs used for?
Resp syncytial virus (RSV) in small infants and immunocompromised pt
Who do you need to educate for antiviral drugs?
Pt, workers and visitors, b/c serious side effects can occur with exposure
What drug class is epinephrine?
Bronchodilators
What do bronchodilators do?
Open up airways, bronchodilation