Fluids, Electrolytes, and Vitamins Flashcards
What does Potassium (K+) do?
Contract muscles (smooth, cardiac, and skeletal)
What does Magnesium (Mg++) do?
Helps with nerve impulse transmission and enzyme reactions
What does Sodium (Na+) do?
Maintain pH balance, normal heart action, and regulation of osmotic pressure in cells
What does Calcium (Ca++) do?
Help with nerve and muscle functions, clotting of blood, build bones and teeth
Lactated ringers (LR) IV fluid solution
Trauma, burning s, OB procedure where a lot of blood loss occurs
Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl)
Compatible with blood products, pt with HF or kidney disease
1/2 normal saline (0.45% NaCl)
Pt with hypernatremia (high sodium Na) or excessive edema
Plasma-Lyte A
Used in place of LR, compatible with blood products
Dextrose in water
Dehydrate/ to reduce potassium/sodium blood levels
S/s of fluid overload
Hyponatremia, wheezing. Headache, weakness, blurred vision, weight gain, high bp
Fluid volume excess interventions
Semi-fowler’s, check for edema, monitor vitals, I&O, daily weight, hematocrit and electrolyte levels, admin O2/diuretics/restrict fluids/low sodium diet as prescribed
Fluid volume deficit causes, assess, and interventions
Causes: vomiting, diarrhea, GI suctioning, ostomy drainage, diuretics cause more urine output
Assess: thirst, skin turgor, dry mucosa, high hr, thready pulse, dyspnea, urine color dark and volume down
Interventions: find cause and treat, IV fluids, O2, test urine concentration, monitor vitals/resp status/daily weight/I&O/hematocrit and electrolyte levels
Electrolyte normal lab values
Mg: 1.5-2.5
K: 3.5-5.0
Ca: 4.5-5.3
Na: 132-145
Which electrolyte needs to be consumed daily b/c doesn’t store?
Potassium (K)
Which electrolyte cannot be crushed?
K
Relationship between sodium and lithium?
Hyponatremia diminishes lithium elimination which leads to lithium toxicity
Pt need to be on monitor when taking which electrolyte?
K