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COMLEX 3 > Pulm > Flashcards

Pulm Flashcards

1
Q

What constitutes intermittent asthma (#daytime ssx, #nocturnal ssx, FEV1)

A
  • daytime ssx: up to 2x/wk
  • nocturnal ssx: up to 2x/mo
  • FEV1: >80%
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2
Q

What constitutes mild persistent asthma (#daytime ssx, #nocturnal ssx, FEV1)

A
  • daytime ssx: <1/day
  • nocturnal ssx: <1/wk
  • FEV1: >80%
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3
Q

What constitutes mod persistent asthma (#daytime ssx, #nocturnal ssx, FEV1)

A
  • daytime ssx: 1x or more/day
  • nocturnal ssx: 1x or more/wk
  • FEV1: 60-80%
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4
Q

What constitutes severe persistent asthma (#daytime ssx, #nocturnal ssx, FEV1)

A
  • daytime ssx: 1x or more/day
  • nocturnal ssx: frequent
  • FEV1: <60%
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5
Q

What is tx for intermittent asthma?

A

SABA

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6
Q

What is tx for moderate persistent asthma?

A

SABA + ICS + LABA

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7
Q

What is tx for refractory asthma?

A

SABA + high ICS + LABA + PO steroids

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8
Q

What is tx for mild persistent asthma?

A

SABA + ICS

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9
Q

What is tx for severe persistent asthma?

A

SABA + high ICS + LABA

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10
Q

ED –> acute asthma exacerbation –> labwork?

A
  • peak expiratory flow rate

- ABG

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11
Q

ED –> acute asthma exacerbation –> tx?

A
  • O2
  • albuterol/ipratropium nebulizer
  • corticosteroid
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12
Q

ED –> acute asthma exacerbation –> refractory –> rescue therapy? why is this used?

A
  • racemic epi nebulizer
  • SQ epi
  • IV magnesium

To avoid intubation

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13
Q

ED –> acute asthma exacerbation –> continuous nebulizer tx –> how long before dispo decision?

A

3hr

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14
Q

which lung cancer is most common in non-smokers?

A

adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

lung adenocarcinoma –> histology

A

glandular formation -> mucin production

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16
Q

sarcoidosis –> lab finding

A

non-caseating granuloma secrete:

  • angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) increased
  • vitD –> Ca increased
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17
Q

sarcoidosis –> tx

A

steroids

18
Q

68F in ICU –> ventilated on positive pressure –> acutely becomes agitated –> oxy sat drop from 96% to 85%

what condition?

A

barotrauma from positive pressure ventilation

or

pneumothorax

19
Q

what is Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

cycles of apnea followed by hyperpnea

20
Q

very deep breaths at fast rate

type of respiration pattern? seen in what condition?

A

Kussmaul

metabolic acidosis –> DKA

21
Q

patient initiate breath –> ventilator deliver breath –> backup rate in place if patient fail to initiate breath

what type of ventilation?

A

assist-control ventilation

22
Q

patient makes no respiratory effort –> what type of ventilation is appropriate for this patient?

A

controlled mechanical ventilation –> total ventilator dependent setting –> not allow or support spontaneous breaths

23
Q

diffuse parenchymal lung disease –> tx

A

steroids

24
Q

what are the idiopathic DPLDs? (2)

A
  • acute interstitial pneumonitis (acute <6wk)

- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (chronic >6mo)

25
Q

what rheumatologic disorders can lead to pulmonary fibrosis? (3)

A
  • SLE
  • RA
  • SS
26
Q

sarcoidosis –> extra-pulmonary manifestations (3)

A
  • heart block
  • bell’s palsy
  • erythema nodosum
27
Q

shipyard –> what occupational exposure?

A

asbestos

28
Q

bird fancier –> what type of DPLD?

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

29
Q

silicosis –> CXR findings can look like what other condition?

A

nodules in upper lung –> TB

30
Q

ssx of DPLD at work –> feel better on weekend/vacation –> ssx come back when return to work

what condition?

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

31
Q

sarcoidosis –> diagnosed and treated –> what followup management?

A

cardiac MRI

32
Q

sarcoidosis –> how dx?

A

lung bx

33
Q

PE –> tx

A
  • first line: factor Xa inh (rivaroxaban), if no renal dz

- LMWH –> bridge to warfarin

34
Q

PE –> when trt w tPA?

A

R heart strain + hypotension

35
Q

small cell lung CA –> tx

A

chemo + rad

36
Q

squamous cell lung cancer –> paraneoplastic synd

A

PTH-rp –> hyperCa

37
Q

PFT: differentiate emphysema vs chronic bronchitis

A

diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO):

  • emphysema: decreased
  • chronic bronchitis: increased
38
Q

Lights criteria for exudate

A
  • LDHf >2/3 ULN
  • LDHf/LDHs >0.6
  • TPf/TPs >0.5
39
Q

pleural effusion –> ADA positive

dx?

A

TB

40
Q
  • erythema nodosum
  • hilar adenopathy
  • migratory polyarthralgia
  • fever

what condition?

A

Lofgren’s synd (sarcoidosis)

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

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