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COMLEX 3 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

otitis media –> when is tympanoplasty indicated?

A
  • 3 episodes in 6mo

- 4x in 12mo

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2
Q

otitis media –> PCN allergy –> abx of choice?

A
  • cefdinir (if no PCN anaphylaxis)

- azithromycin (if PCN anaphylaxis)

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3
Q

what is a potential serious complication of otitis media?

A

mastoiditis

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4
Q

what PE findings suggest mastoiditis?

A
  • acute otitis media
  • swelling behind ear
  • anteriorly rotated ear
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5
Q

otitis externa –> what is tx if tx is necessary?

A

abx + steroid drops

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6
Q

sinusitis –> at what point do you presume a bacterial rather than viral infection?

A

> 10 days

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7
Q

What scoring system is used to determine next step for possible GAS pharyngitis?

A

Centor criteria

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8
Q

what are the components of Centor criteria?

A
  • absent Cough
  • tonsillar Exudates
  • anterior neck Nodes
  • Temp >38C
  • <14 OR >44
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9
Q

Centor criteria –> how to interprete score?

A

<1: no further testing
2-3: rapid strep test
>4: empiric abx

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10
Q

baby –> blue at rest or feeding –> pink when cries –> what diagnosis?

A

choanal atresia

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11
Q

mastoiditis –> tx?

A

surgical decompression + abx for AOM

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12
Q

childhood snoring –> what dx?

A

choanal atresia

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13
Q

failure to thrive –> organic causes (4)

A
  • genetic (cystic fibrosis)
  • cardiac disease
  • pyloric stenosis
  • GERD
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14
Q

failure to thrive –> non-organic causes (3)

A
  • formula
  • feeding
  • frequency
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15
Q

developmental milestones –> 2mo

A
  • lift head/chest
  • track
  • alert to sound
  • coo
  • recognize parent
  • social smile
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16
Q

developmental milestones –> 4mo

A
  • roll
  • grasp
  • orient to voice
  • enjoy looking around
  • laugh
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17
Q

developmental milestones –> 6mo

A
  • sit
  • transfer objects
  • raking grasp
  • babble
  • stranger anxiety
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18
Q

developmental milestones –> 9mo

A
  • crawl
  • pull to stand
  • 3finger grasp
  • mama/dada (non-specific)
  • wave
  • play pattycake
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19
Q

developmental milestones –> 12mo

A
  • walk
  • 2 finger grasp
  • mama/dada (specific)
  • imitate actions
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20
Q

developmental milestones –> 18mo

A
  • run
  • kick ball
  • tower 2-4 cubes
  • name common objects
  • copies parent in tasks
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21
Q

developmental milestones –> 2yr

A
  • stairs w help
  • jump
  • tower of 6 cubes
  • 2word phrase
  • 2 step commands
  • remv clothes
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22
Q

developmental milestones –>

3yr

A
  • tricycle
  • stairs
  • circle
  • utensils
  • 3 word sentence
  • brush teeth
  • wash hands
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23
Q

developmental milestones –> 4yr

A
  • hop
  • cross
  • count to 10
  • cooperative play
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24
Q

Klinefelter synd –> pathophys

A

XXY

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25
Q

Klinefelter synd –> presentation

A
  • gynecomastia
  • infertility/hypogonad
  • elongated extremities
  • normal cognition
26
Q

diabetic mother –> newborn –> 2hr after birth –> irritable, tremor –> dx?

A

polycythemia

27
Q

neonatal polycythemia –> Hct level?

A

> 65%

28
Q

upward lens dislocation –> assoc w what condition?

A

Marfan

29
Q

downward lens dislocation –> assoc w what condition?

A

homocystinuria

30
Q

5M –> hearing problems for 1wk –> recent otitis media trted w amoxicillin –> exam shows air fluid level behind TM, no erythema or bulging

dx?

A

serous otitis media without active infection

31
Q

serous otitis media without active infection –> tx

A

self-resolves –> follow

32
Q

9F –> R eye droopy, severe pain w eye movement, mild proptosis –> h/o recurrent sinus infect

dx?

A

orbital cellulits

33
Q

3wk M –> persistent nonbilious projective vomit –> lethargic, visible peristaltic waves –> hypoCl hypoKmet alkalosis

dx? next step?

A

pyloric stenosis

next step: fluid resuscitation & correct electrolytes

next step is NOT abd US

34
Q

Turner synd –> assoc w what cardiac abnormality?

A

coarctation of aorta

35
Q

Turner synd –> amenorrhea

pathophys?

A

ovarian dysgenesis (nonfxal ovaries) –> low estrogen

36
Q

Turner synd –> FSH level is decreased or increased?

A

ovarian failure –> increased FSH

37
Q

lead poisoning –> lead level?

A

> 5mcg/dL

38
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann synd –> presentation

A

overgrowth synd:

  • macrosomia
  • macroglossia
  • hypoglycemia at birth
  • organomelgaly
39
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann synd –> assoc w what other condition?

A

nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)

40
Q

3M –> AMS, sz, microcytic anemia –> dx?

A

lead poisoning

41
Q

6M –> insidious antalgic gait –> dx?

A

legg-perthe-calves dz

42
Q

legg-perthe-calves dz –> how dx

A

XR

43
Q

legg-perthe-calves dz –> tx

A

cast

44
Q

slipped femoral capital epiphysis –> how dx?

A

frog-leg XR

45
Q

osgood-schlatter’s –> aka?

A

osteochondrosis

46
Q

bone pain –> XR shows lesion on mid-shaft of bone –> onion skin

dx?

A

ewing’s sarcoma

47
Q

bone pain –> XR shows lesion on distal femur –> sunburst pattern

dx?

A

osteosarcoma

48
Q

osteosarcoma –> assoc w what other condition?

A

retinoblastoma

49
Q

developmental dysplasia of hip –> how dx?

A

hip US at 4wk

50
Q

9moF –> dc breastfeeding –> develop periorificial/acral dermatitis, alopecia, diarrhea

dx?

A

acrodermatitis enteropathica –> AR –> inherited form of zinc deficiency

51
Q

neonate –> abd distention, bilious vomiting, fail to pass meconium

what condition?

A

Hirschsprung dz

52
Q

Hirschsprung dz –> pathophys

A

rectum –> absence of autonomic innervation –> loss of peristalsis –> obstruction

53
Q
  • congenital port wine stain in V1 & V2 trigeminal distribution
  • eye abnormality
  • neuro abnormality

dx?

A

Sturge Weber synd

54
Q

mom is HBV positive –> next step

A

baby –> stat –> HBV vaccine + HBV Ig

55
Q

mom is HBV status unknown –> next step

A

baby –> stat –> HBV vaccine

mom –> check HBsAg

56
Q
  • scrotum & testes enlarge
  • scrotal skin –> red, texture

what tanner stage?

A

Tanner stage 2

57
Q
  • penis enlarge
  • testes grow

what tanner stage?

A

Tanner stage 3

58
Q

peds –> fluid bolus?

A

20-60ml/kg

59
Q
  • recurrent infection
  • silver hair
  • oculocutaneous albinism

what condition?

A

Chediak-Higashi synd

60
Q

6F –> c/o vag bleed –> Tanner 2 breasts, skin unilat light brown macular lesions –> pelvis U/S large b/l ovarian cysts

what condition?

A

McCune-Albright synd

61
Q

McCune-Albright synd –> pathophys

A

mutation –> receptor for FSH/LH/other pit hormones –> constitutively active –> precocious puberty

62
Q

McCune-Albright synd –> presentation

A
  • precocious puberty
  • fibrous skeletal dysplasia
  • cafe au lait spots

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

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