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COMLEX 3 > Neph > Flashcards

Neph Flashcards

1
Q

hemoptysis + hematuria –> indicates what dz/condition?

A

Goodpasture

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2
Q

asthma + hematuria –> indicates what dz/condition?

A

Churg-Strauss

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3
Q

hyperCa –> EKG finding?

A

shortened QT

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4
Q

Alport’s syndrome (aka hereditary nephritis) –> presentation

A

classic triad

  • nephritic synd
  • sensorineural hearing loss
  • ocular abnormalities
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5
Q

IgA nephropathy (Berger’s dz) –> presentation

A

episodic frank hematuria within 1 day of URI

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6
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis –> presentation

A
  • upper airway/eye/ear disease

- rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis –> chronic renal fail

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7
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis –> tx

A
  • steroids

- cyclophosphamide

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8
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome –> tx

A
  • plasma exchange
  • steroids
  • cyclophosphamide
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9
Q

Alport syndrome –> renal biopsy histology

A

glomerular basement membrane splitting

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10
Q

Berger’s dz (IgA nephropathy) –> tx

A
  • ACEI

- steroids

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11
Q

24F –> depressed, fatigue, palpitations –> convinced she’s fat, on restrictive diet for 2mo, daily laxative –> exam shows dehydration

  • hypo/hyperK?
  • acidosis/alkalosis?
    why?
A

excess laxative –> loss of K and bicarb from colon –> hypoK + acidosis

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12
Q

methanol poisoning –> tx

A
  • ethanol

- fomepizole

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13
Q

methanol poisoning –> trt w ethanol –> MOA?

A

ethanol –> better affinity to ADH than methanol –> prevent conversion of methanol to its toxic byproducts

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14
Q

what is normal CO2 level?

A

40

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15
Q

metabolic alkalosis –> next step in dx?

A

check urine chloride

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16
Q

metabolic alkalosis –> urine chloride <10 –> indicates what condition?

A

contraction alkalosis (volume-down):

  • diuretics
  • dehydration
  • emesis/NG
17
Q

metabolic acidosis –> non-anion gap

what conditions (2)?

A
  • renal tubular acidosis

- diarrhea

18
Q

what is winter’s formula

A

expected pCO2 = 1.5 x bicarb + 8 +/- 2

19
Q

Na: low
serum osmolality: low
urine Na: high
urine osmolality: normal

what condition?

A
  • SIADH

- excessive diuresis

20
Q

SIADH –> tx

A

water restrict

21
Q

cystine kidney stones –> pathophys

A

AR –> defect in amino acid transport –> cystinuria –> cystine stones

22
Q

cystine kidney stones –> assoc with alkaline or acidic urine?

A

acidic

23
Q

severe hyperNa –> tx

A

D5W

24
Q

mod hyperNa –> tx

A

NS

25
Q

mild hyperNa –> tx

A

PO water

26
Q

severe hypoNa –> tx

A

3%NS

27
Q

mod hypoNa –> tx

A

NS

28
Q

what is ethacrynic acid?

A

loop diuretic used if sulfa allergy

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

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