Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMLEX 3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

GI bleed –> brisk bleeding –> EGD negative –> next step?

A

angiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

GI bleed –> slow bleeding –> EGD negative –> next step?

A

tagged RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what medication helps shrink esophageal varices?

A

propranolol low dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is potential adverse effect of TIPS procedure for esophageal varices?

A

worsening hepatic encephalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

suspect boerhaave syndrome –> how diagnose?

A

gastrografin swallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GI bleed –> bleeding stopped –> EGD negative –> next step?

A

colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

suspect boerhaave syndrome –> gastrografin swallow normal –> next step to diagnose?

A

barium swallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

suspect boerhaave syndrome –> gastrografin and barium swallows normal –> next step to diagnose?

A

EGD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AVMs are associated with what dz/condition?

A

aortic stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how does octreotide help with esophageal variceal bleeding?

A

reduces portal pressure –> slow bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is charcot’s triad?

A
  • RUQ pain
  • jaundice
  • fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what condition does charcot’s triad indicate?

A

ascending cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is Reynold’s pentad?

A

charcot’s triad + hypotension + AMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

plummer-vinson syndrome –> presentation

A
  • F
  • esophageal webs –> dysphagia, esophageal CA
  • IDA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

traveler’s diarrhea –> ppx tx?

A

cipro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fecal impaction –> tx?

A

high fiber diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fecal impaction –> type of laxative?

A

bulking agent (psyllium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

laxative –> docusate sodium –> MOA?

A

incorporate water & fat into stool –> soften stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

osmotic laxative –> MOA?

A

osmotically retain fluid in bowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

osmotic laxative –> examples?

A
  • Mg hydroxide
  • Na phosphate
  • lactulose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

laxative –> senna –> MOA?

A

peristaltic stimulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ulcerative colitis –> extraintestinal manifestations (4)

A
  • erythema nodosum
  • uveitis
  • autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • sclerosing cholangitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis –> pathophys

A

autoimmune –> granulomatous destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts –> spare extrahepatic ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis –> tx

A
  • ursodeoxycholic acid

- cholestyramine, diphenhydramine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis –> trt w ursodeoxycholic acid –> goal of tx

A

slow progression of dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis –> trt w cholestyramine, diphenhydramine –> goal of tx

A

relieve pruritis

27
Q

89M –> abd distension, decreased bowel sounds –> labs show moderate hypoCa and severe hypoK –> dx?

A

colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s synd)

28
Q

what is colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s synd)

A

severely ill patient –> dilated colon –> looks obstructed –> but absence of mechanical obstruction

29
Q

what is colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s synd) –> MCC (2)

A
  • meds

- electrolyte abnormality

30
Q

obstructive jaundice –> classic finding on imaging

A

dilated intrahep ducts

31
Q

ascending cholangitis –> most definitive tx

A

bile duct decompression

32
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis –> gold standard for dx

A

MRCP

33
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis –> imaging findings

A

intra- and extra-hepatic ducts –> strictures & dilations (beads on a string)

34
Q

56F –> dull epigastric pain, 12lb weight loss, painful leg swelling –> h/o smoke, alcohol –> exam shows nontender palpable gallbladder

dx?

A

pancreatic CA

35
Q

pancreatic CA –> presentation

A
  • mid-epigastric pain
  • wt loss
  • anorexia
  • palpable, nontender gallbladder
36
Q

pancreatic CA –> palpable, nontender gallbladder

what is this sign called?

A

Courvoisier’s sign

37
Q

black M –> weight loss, abd pain, migratory thrombophlebitis

dx?

A

pancreatic CA

38
Q

pancreatic CA –> migratory thrombophlebitis

what is this sign called?

A

Trousseau’s synd

39
Q

pancreatic CA –> MC environmental RF

A

smoking

40
Q

Wilson’s dz –> pathophys

A

AR –> liver cannot synthesize ceruloplasmin –> cannot excrete copper

41
Q

non-obese patient –> acanthosis nigricans

what condition?

A

GI malignancy

42
Q

colon CA –> what tumor marker can be used to monitor recurrence?

A

carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

43
Q

59M being treated for acute pancreatitis –> sudden AMS, BP 80/40, HR 114, T 102 –> pitting edema, decreased bibasilar breath sounds –> WBC 16, Hct 60%, BUN 42, Cr 2.1

what condition? why?

A

acute pancreatitis –> assoc w increased microvascular permeability –> large volume loss of intravascular fluid into tissue –> hypovolemic shock –> decreased perfusion to lungs, kidneys, other organs

44
Q

acute pancreatitis –> erythematous skin nodules –> what is it?

A

subcutaneous fat necrosis

45
Q

celiac disease –> extra-intestinal manifestations (6)

A
  • anemia: impaired absorption of iron or folate
  • bleeding diathesis: impaired absorption of vitK
  • osteopenia/osteoporosis: impaired absorption of vitD, Ca
  • neuro ssx: from hypoCa
  • skin disorder ie dermatitis herpetiformis
  • hormonal disorders: amenorrhea, infertility
46
Q

what is sister mary joseph nodule

A

bulging mass at umbilicus (mets from GI cancer) –> ulcerate, ooze

47
Q

pancreatic cancer –> how dx?

A

ERCP

48
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis –> risk for what complication?

A

cholangiocarcinoma

49
Q

obstructive jaundice + hemoccult positive

dx?

A

ampullary cancer

50
Q

hemochromatosis –> most sensitive dx test

A

fasting transferrin saturation level

51
Q

hemochromatosis –> tx

A

phlebotomy

52
Q

hemochromatosis –> when trted w deferoxaxmine

A

when not candidate for phlebotomy

53
Q

cirrhosis + COPD –> what condition?

A

alpha 1 antitrypsin def

54
Q

anal cancer –> tx

A

nigro protocol: chemo + rad

55
Q

lactose intolerance –> how to dx?

A

hydrogen breath test

56
Q

being trted for acute pancreatitis –> develop dyspnea, hypotension, tachypnea

dx?

A

ARDS

57
Q

8moF –> episodic “spitting up” following meals –> no projectile vomiting –> 13th percentile on growth chart –> was 30th percentile at last visit

dx?

A

GERD

58
Q

GERD –> gold standard for dx

A

24hr esophageal pH monitoring

59
Q

infant –> GERD –> tx

A
  • thicken formula w small amt of baby cereal

- position upright after meals

60
Q

infant –> GERD –> fail conservative tx –> next step

A

PPI

61
Q

19F –> obese, sex active, smoke, alcohol –> c/o sudden RUQ pain –> febrile, RUQ tender, leukocytosis, elevated ESR, normal liver enzymes –> had abx for dysuria 2 days ago

dx?

A

perihepatitis from ascending infection (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis synd from PID)

62
Q

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis synd –> what organism?

A

Chlamydia (more common than Neisseria gonorrhea)

63
Q

what is Rovsing sign? indicates what?

A

palpate LLQ –> pain at RLQ

==> appendicitis

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions