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COMLEX 3 > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 EKG findings suggest STEMI?

A
  • ST segment elevation

- new LBBB

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2
Q

If patient can’t walk for stress test, what 2 meds can administer for pharmocologic stress?

A
  • dobutamine

- adenosine

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3
Q

What is acute treatment for ACS?

A
  • Morphine (prn)
  • O2 (prn)
  • Nitrate
  • ASA
  • BB
  • ACEI
  • Statin
  • Heparin/Clopidogrel
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4
Q

What is purpose of administering BB for ACS?

A
  • reduce myocardial work

- prevent ventricular arrthythmia

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5
Q

What are the indications for thrombolysis in ACS?

A
  • can’t catheterization (PCI facility is >60min away)
  • in acute disease (STEMI)
  • within 12hr of onset
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6
Q

STEMI –> within how long need cath?

A

90min

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7
Q

valsalva does what?

A

decrease venous return (decrease preload)

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8
Q

when use synchronized cardioversion?

A

unstable Afib/flutter/SVT

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9
Q

when use unsynchronized cardioversion?

A

no coordinated cardiac electrical activity –> V tach/fib

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10
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS fast & wide –> what drug for tx?

A

amiodarone

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11
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS fast & narrow –> what drug for tx?

A

adenosine

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12
Q

arrhythmia –> QRS slow –> what drug for tx?

A

atropine

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13
Q

Afib/flutter –> what drug for tx?

A
  • BB

- CCB: verapamil, diltiazem

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14
Q

no pulse –> ACLS –> what rhythms do you shock, and which rhythms don’t shock?

A

VT/VF: shock

PEA/asystole: no shock

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15
Q

VT/VF –> ACLS –> what drugs for tx?

A

epi

amio

epi

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16
Q

PEA/asystole –> ACLS –> what drugs for tx?

A

epi

0

epi

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17
Q

Afib –> >48hr –> want to cardiovert –> need to be on warfarin for how long before cardioversion?

A

3-4 wks

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18
Q

Afib –> >48hr –> why need to be on warfarin for 3-4wks before cardioversion?

A

to prevent embolization of mural thrombus

19
Q

Afib –> <48hr –> want to cardiovert –> when can cardiovert?

A

right away if necessary

20
Q

aortic regurg –> murmur?

A

blowing diastolic murmur at L sternal border +/- mid-diastolic rumble (Austin-Flint murmur)

21
Q

acute pericarditis –> possible etiologies (6)

A
  • viral infection
  • TB
  • SLE
  • uremia
  • drugs
  • neoplasm
22
Q

acute pericarditis –> first line tx

A

NSAID and ASA

23
Q

PE –> EKG finding

A

S1Q3T3 (right heart strain)

24
Q

HOCM –> murmur decreases or increases with valsalva?

A

increases

25
Q

HOCM –> what tx decreases intensity of murmur?

A

BB –> increase preload

26
Q

what is Eisenmenger’s synd?

A

ASD/VSD/PDA –> reverse from LtoR shunt to RtoL shunt –> cyanosis

27
Q

b/l renal artery stenosis –> what med is contraindicated? why?

A

ACEI –> decrease renal perfusion and GFR –> accelerate renal failure

28
Q

16M –> no PMHx, no meds –> no complaints –> routine EKG shows short PR, slurred QRS

what condition?

A

wolff-parkinson-white synd

29
Q

wolff-parkinson-white synd –> pathophys

A

anomalous embryonic development of myocardial tissue –> fibrous tissue bridge bw atria & ventricle –> accessory pathway

30
Q

WPW synd –> EKG findings

A
  • shortened PR
  • delta wave
  • wide, slurred QRS
31
Q

WPW synd –> COD

A

rapid conduction thru accessory pathway –> unstable ventricular rate –> cardiac output decrease –> sudden cardiac death

32
Q

BB toxicity –> tx

A

glucagon –> increase cardiac contractility, HR, conduction

33
Q

who gets AAA screening?

A

65-75M who have ever smoked

34
Q

alcohol abuse –> dilated cardiomyopathy –> tx? why?

A

stop alcohol use –> almost completely reversible

35
Q

differentiate: dressler’s synd vs post-infarction pericarditis

A

dressler’s (postpericardiotomy synd):

  • onset 2-4wk after MI
  • also constitutional ssx

postinfarct pericarditis:
- onset 12hr-10days after MI

36
Q

acute stable angina –> tx

A

SL nitroglycerin

37
Q

exertional stable angina –> tx

A

isosorbide mononitrate: long-acting nitrate –> improve exercise tolerance

38
Q

septic shock:

  • cardiac output
  • pulm capillary wedge pressure
  • peripheral vascular resistance
A
  • cardiac output: increased
  • pulm capillary wedge pressure: decreased
  • peripheral vascular resistance: decreased
39
Q

> 60yo without DM –> BP goal

A

<150/90

40
Q

> 60yo with DM –> BP goal

A

<140/90

41
Q

Vtach –> when synchronized vs unsynchronized cardioversion?

A

Vtach w pulse –> synchronized

Vtach without pulse –> unsynchronized

42
Q

ABI –> normal?

A

> 1

43
Q

ABI –> claudication?

A

0.5-0.8

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

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