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vtt 214 - lab animal > pt 18 (nutrition) > Flashcards

pt 18 (nutrition) Flashcards

1
Q

potable

A

clean and fresh water suitable for drinking

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2
Q

what is the difference between an essential and a nonessential amino acid

A

non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body

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3
Q

can you name the 10 amino acids essential in all mammals?

A

methionine
arginine
tryptophan
threonine
histidine
isoleucine
leucine
lysine
valine
phenylalanine

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4
Q

what amino acid is essential to cats

A

taurine

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5
Q

what are the symptoms of deficiency of this amino acid

A

retinal degeneration, cardiomyopathy, altered white-cell function, and abnormal growth and development

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6
Q

what can cause this deficiency to occur

A

unable to absorb all the taurine in processed diets and/or are unable to synthesize the deficit between absorption and requirement

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7
Q

how many cal/gm do fats have

A

9 kcal/gm

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8
Q

how many cal/gm do carbs have

A

4 kcal/gm

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9
Q

how many cal/gm do proteins have

A

4 kcal/gm

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10
Q

what is the primary function of carbs and fats

A

supply energy and serve as concentrated energy source

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11
Q

what are two kinds of carbs

A

simple sugars
fibers

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12
Q

why is fiber important in the diet? which species naturally consume a very high fiber diet

A

complex carbs are too slow and difficult to digest - retains moisture in fecal mass as it passes through large intestine; grass eaters (rabbits and GP)

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13
Q

are B vitamins water soluble

A

yes

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14
Q

what are 3 functions of B vitamins in the body

A

energy metabolism
nervous system function
blood formation

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15
Q

what vitamins can result in toxicity if over-supplemented

A

fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)

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16
Q

what is the letter/number name of riboflavin

A

B2

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17
Q

what is the letter/number name of folic acid

A

B

18
Q

what is the letter/number name of alphatocopherol

A

E

19
Q

what is the letter/number name of thiamine

A

B1

20
Q

what is the letter/number name of niacin

A

B

21
Q

what is the letter/number name of pyridoxine

A

B6

22
Q

what is the letter/number name of cyanocobalamin

A

B12

23
Q

list 4 fat soluble vitamins

A

A
E
D
K

24
Q

what is vitamin A used for in the body

A

eyesight and skin

25
Q

vitamin K is needed for

A

normal blood clotting

26
Q

vitamin E is an antioxidant - what does it do

A
27
Q

what is another name for ascorbic acid? is it water or fat soluble

A

vitamin C; water

28
Q

4 minerals required in the diet and for each one describe one use or function in the body

A

calcium
phosphorus
magnesium
iron
zinc
potassium
copper
manganese
cobalt
sodium chloride
iodine

29
Q

what ingredient in packaged guinea pig and primate diets may be lost if the food is too old

A
30
Q

palatability

A

taste appeal

31
Q

gross energy

A

amount of heat produced by complete burning

32
Q

ad libitum

A

free choice

33
Q

purified diet vs certified diet

A

made of pure nutrient compounds vs. a sample tested for maximum levels of contaminant

34
Q

irradiated diet vs autoclavable diet

A

used in barrier systems and doesn’t need to be autoclaved vs all components are heat tolerable and it doesn’t turn into solid mass when autoclaved

35
Q

open formula diet vs closed formula diet

A

any ingredient acceptable vs. certain ingredients must be used in formula

36
Q

how long can dog/cat diet be used after milling date

A

1 year

37
Q

how long can rodent/rabbit diet be used after milling date

A

5 months

38
Q

how long can GP/primate diet be used after milling date

A

3 months

39
Q

what could happen if you wait too long after milling date

A

contaminants = illness

40
Q

where should unopened bags of food be stored? can they be stacked on the floor?

A

separate room from animals; no, bugs can get into food

41
Q

how should open bags of food be stored

A

in vermin proof containers

42
Q

what is the function of vitamin D

A

calcium absorption, transportation, deposition

vtt 214 - lab animal (33 decks)

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